{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T06:41:34Z","timestamp":1770964894335,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6209,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Female mice (strain: \u201cHeiligenberger Stamm\u201d) were irradiated with neutrons (7 Me V) or X\u2010rays when embryos were at the early zygote stage; uterine contents were examined on gestation day 19 for prenatal mortality and malformed fetuses. For both radiation qualities, the dose dependent survival curve fitted well to a simple exponential equation; the neutron relative biological efficiency (RBE) value was 2.3. The major fraction of deaths induced by exposure to neutrons or X\u2010rays occurred before implantation. Aside from dead embryos, malformed fetuses were observed 19 days p.c. (postconception). The number of malformed fetuses increased with a linear\u2010quadratic function of neutron or X\u2010ray dose. Malformations were mainly gastroschisis, although omphaloceles and anencephalies were also observed. The neutron RBE value for the induction of malformations varied from 2.0 to 2.8 in the dose range tested. Except after 75\u2010cGy neutrons, no significant increase in the proportion of stunted or skeletally malformed fetuses was noted. Our results indicated that the reaction of preimplantation embryos to irradiation could be more complex than the simple \u201call\u2010or\u2010none\u201d response considered so far.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420370609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T15:08:38Z","timestamp":1118502518000},"page":"599-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Prenatal death and malformations after irradiation of mouse zygotes with neutrons or X\u2010rays"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Pampfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Streffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/264715a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3572142"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-125-32186"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3572589"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420100207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10520292609115636"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3575548"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Radiosensitivity variation during the cell cycle in pronuclear mouse embryos in vitro","volume":"15","author":"Domon M.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Kinet."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/51.5.723","article-title":"The frequency of X\u2010ray induced dominant mutations affecting the skeleton of mice","volume":"51","author":"Ehling U. 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Doctoral Thesis University of Louvain Belgium."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Risiken und Nutzen der Strahlentherapie b\u00f6sartiger Tumoren","author":"Rassow J.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"993","article-title":"Effects of pre\u2010implantation low\u2010dose radiation on rat embryos","volume":"45","author":"Roux C.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"182","article-title":"The impact of ionizing radiations on the embryo and fetus","volume":"89","author":"Rugh R.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am. J. 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