{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:34:37Z","timestamp":1760204077028},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,1]],"date-time":"2005-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6148,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The teratogenic potential of lithium carbonate was re\u2010examined using mouse embryos as an experimental model. Externally it was found that, like many other psychoactive drugs, it exhibits a teratogenic activity that is confined to the development of the central nervous system. When administered intraperitoneally to pregnant females in doses ranging from 330 to 340 mg\/kg at the very beginning of the ninth gestation day, i.e., during the critical period of the neural tube closure, it is embryotoxic, causes retardation of development, and induces the \u201cneurotropic syndrome of malformations\u201d comprising exencephaly, craniorachischisis, rachischisis, kinking of the spinal cord, and dilation of the fourth brain ventricle: Depending on the exact time of gestation when lithium carbonate is administered, the frequencies of exencephaly and spinal kinking after treatment 1 hour into the ninth day are compared with those after treatment 2 or 3 hours into the ninth day, incidence of exencephaly is increased at the later time and the incidence of spinal kinking is decreased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420380202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T15:11:03Z","timestamp":1118502663000},"page":"101-111","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Teratogenic activity of lithium carbonate: An experimental update"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Arthur","family":"Jurand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"847","article-title":"Severe lithium intoxication: Management without dialysis and report of a possible teratogenic effect of lithium","volume":"105","author":"Aoki F. Y.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"941","article-title":"Triscuspid valve regurgitation and lithium carbonate toxicity in a newborn infant","volume":"135","author":"Arnon R. G.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Dis. Child."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.99.3.353","article-title":"Lithium inhibits morphogenesis of the nervous system but not neuronal differentiation in Xenopus laevis","volume":"99","author":"Breckenridge L. J.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1949.tb36912.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.01790110069012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6866(1990)2:1<61::AID-TCM1770020107>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-03816-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"Letter to the Editor","volume":"309","author":"Frankenberg F. R.","year":"1983","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"The nature and treatment of gout and rheumatic gout","author":"Garrod A. B.","year":"1859"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Principles of Drug Action: The Basis of Pharmacology","author":"Goldstein A.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(72)90163-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"International subline codes for holders of rodents and rabbits","volume":"14","author":"Greenhouse D. D.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Inbred Strains of Mice"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105255","article-title":"The development of some external features in mouse embryos","volume":"34","author":"Gr\u00fcneberg H.","year":"1943","journal-title":"J. Hered."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-4520.1986.tb00654.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000118292"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Lithium Encyclopedia for Clinical Practice","author":"Jefferson J. W.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91430-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"A Primer of Drug Action","author":"Julien R. M.","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"Teratogenic activity of methadone hydrochloride in mouse and chick embryos","volume":"30","author":"Jurand A.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.1980.00061.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420310208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Teratology of the Central Nervous System","author":"Kalter H.","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198303033080904"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bidrag til Urinsyrediatesens Klinik","volume":"5","author":"Lange C.","year":"1897","journal-title":"Hospitalstidende"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"358","article-title":"The use of lithium during pregnancy and lactation","volume":"44","author":"Linden S.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Neural tube defects and brain anomalies: A review of selected teratogens and their possible modes of action","volume":"2","author":"Morrissey R. E.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neuro\u2010toxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91918-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Introduction to Psychopharmacology","author":"Payson H. E.","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80527-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(85)90008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.23.1.245","article-title":"Inheritance of susceptibility to congenital deformity. Metabolic clues provided by experiments with teratogenic agents","volume":"23","author":"Runner M. N.","year":"1959","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"41","volume-title":"National Cancer Institute Symposium on Normal and Abnormal Differentiation and Development","author":"Runner M. N.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Chemically Induced Birth Defects (Drug and Chemical Toxicology Series)","author":"Schardein J. L.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00997299"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Principles of Psychopharmacology","author":"Schou M.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420260304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","first-page":"907","article-title":"Das Wirbel\u2010Rippen\u2010Syndrom","volume":"98","author":"Theiler K.","year":"1968","journal-title":"Schweiz. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"The Mouse. Development and Normal Stages from Fertilisation to 4 Weeks of Age","author":"Theiler K.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"The Mouse in Biomedical Research","author":"Theiler K.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1958.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Influence du lithium sur la gestation et development prenatal du rat et de la souris","volume":"167","author":"Tuchmann\u2010Duplessis H.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cr. Seanc. Soc. Biol. Filiales"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","first-page":"237","volume-title":"Lithium Research and Therapy","author":"Weinstein M. R.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420040206"}],"container-title":["Teratology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftera.1420380202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tera.1420380202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T15:09:57Z","timestamp":1697987397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tera.1420380202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tera.1420380202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tera.1420380202","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-3709","1096-9926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-3709","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,8]]}}}