{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:54:15Z","timestamp":1789757655755,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]],"date-time":"2005-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4596,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Teratology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test the effect of maternal habits and home exposures during early pregnancy on the occurrence of congenital heart disease in the offspring, 406 cases and 756 controls were studied. The cases included all cardiovascular malformations detected in Finland during 1982\u20131983, while the healthy controls were randomly selected from all babies born during the same period. Case and control mothers were interviewed after delivery using a structured and pre\u2010tested questionnaire.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Maternal overall drug consumption during the first trimester was as prevalent among case mothers (13.3%) as controls (14.6%). Neither was the risk of congenital heart disease associated with maternal use of contraceptive pills, salicylates, diazepam, or sweetening agents separately. Maternal exposures to disinfectants, dyes, lacquers, paints, pesticides, or glues at home were equally prevalent in case and control groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Several earlier miscarriages was a predictor of an infant born with congenital heart disease (OR = 2.7, CI<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub> = 1.4\u20135.3). Maternal ultrasound examination was performed during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy more often among the case group (28.3%) than among the control group (22.0%). However, the association between ultrasound examination and the risk of congenital heart disease in the offspring was not statistically significant (OR = 1.2, 95% confidence interval 0.9\u20131.7) when adjusted for confounding factors such as the threat of miscarriage in logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>It is concluded that maternal ultrasound examination, intake of some common drugs, and exposure to a number of environmental factors at home during early pregnancy are probably not harmful for the developing fetal heart. \u00a9 1992 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420460509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T15:52:52Z","timestamp":1118505172000},"page":"447-454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Congenital heart disease in the offspring and maternal habits and home exposures during pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jorma","family":"Tikkanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli P.","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(76)80479-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420210213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951100010349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1976.03260400024021","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: Experience with 41 patients","volume":"235","author":"Hanson J. W.","year":"1976","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Birth Defects: Risks and Consequences","author":"Heinonen O. P.","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197701132960202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Birth Defects and Drugs in Pregnancy","author":"Heinonen O. P.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(65)90015-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113732"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(62)92665-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420200317"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/000992287301200609","article-title":"The possible teratogenic effect of salicylates on the developing fetus: Brief summaries of eight suggestive cases","volume":"12","author":"McNiel J. R.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Clin. Pediatr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)91918-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Tikkanen J.(1986)Risk factors for congenital heart disease. Thesis. Health services research by the National Board of Health in Finland. Helsinki."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00151707"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3506(05)80283-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420430614"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00218673"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Maternal diseases and environmental exposures during pregnancy and congenital heart disease in the offspring","volume":"1","author":"Tikkanen J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Toxicol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03334972","article-title":"Risk factors for conal malformations of the heart","volume":"8","author":"Tikkanen J.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Congenital Malformations","author":"Warkany J.","year":"1971"}],"container-title":["Teratology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftera.1420460509","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tera.1420460509","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T11:07:34Z","timestamp":1698059254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tera.1420460509"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tera.1420460509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tera.1420460509","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0040-3709","1096-9926"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0040-3709","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9926","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,11]]}}}