{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:34:18Z","timestamp":1792143258480,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,21]],"date-time":"2003-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1043107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tannery wastewater contains large quantities of organic and inorganic compounds, including toxic substances such as sulfides and chromium salts. The evaluation of wastewater quality in Chile nowadays is based on chemical specific measurements and toxicity tests. The goal of this research was to characterize tannery wastewater and to relate its physical\/chemical parameters with its acute toxicity effect on <jats:italic>Daphnia pulex.<\/jats:italic> To distinguish the most important toxic compounds, physical\/chemical techniques were applied to a grab sample of a final effluent based on the Phase I toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedure. In addition, the toxicity of a beamhouse effluent after an activated sludge reactor treatment was investigated on <jats:italic>Daphnia magna<\/jats:italic> (introduced species) and <jats:italic>D. pulex<\/jats:italic> (native species). Effluent from different tannery processes (soaking, beamhouse, tanning and final) demonstrated high values of chemical organic demand (COD; 2840\u201327 600 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), chloride (1813\u201316 500 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), sulfate (230\u201335 200 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and total solids (8600\u201387 100 mg L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). All effluents showed extremely toxic effects on <jats:italic>D. pulex,<\/jats:italic> with 24\u2010h mean lethal values (LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) ranging from 0.36% to 3.61%. The Phase I TIE profile showed that toxicity was significantly reduced by air stripping, filtration, and a cationic exchange resin, with toxicity reductions ranging between 46% and 76%. The aerobically treated beamhouse effluent showed significantly less toxicity for both species (43%\u201374%). The chemical parameters demonstrated that the remaining toxicity of the treated beamhouse effluent was associated with its ammonia (120 mg N\uf8ffNH<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and chloride (11 300 mg Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) contents. \u00a9 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 18: 45\u201351, 2003.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.10094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,22]],"date-time":"2003-01-22T22:17:47Z","timestamp":1043273867000},"page":"45-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["Tannery wastewater characterization and toxicity effects on <i>Daphnia spp.<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Cooman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gajardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bornhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AndersonPD WeberLJ.1975.The toxicity to aquatic populations of mixtures containing heavy metals. Proceedings International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment Toronto Ontario Canada; 1975 October 27\u201331; p933\u2013953."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater","author":"APHA\u2010AWWA\u2010WPCF","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"The effects of water pollutants on D. magna","volume":"10","author":"Bringmann G","year":"1977","journal-title":"Z Wasser\u2010Abwasser\u2010Forsch"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"CatarinoJ Lan\u00e7aA SilvaL Mendon\u00e7aE PicadoA FernandesA PenedaM PinhoMN.2001.New environmental technologies in leather industry wastewater decontamination. Proceedings of 11th Annual Meeting of SETAC Europe Madrid Spain; May 6\u201310; 158 p."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620150712","article-title":"Toxicity assessment of water from lakes and wetlands receiving irrigation drainwater","volume":"15","author":"Dickerson KK","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1994.1017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"333","volume-title":"Probit analysis","author":"Finney DJ","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"508","volume-title":"Statistical method in biological assay","author":"Finney DJ","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620151006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(98)00017-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"System analysis of material fluxes at tanneries\u2014an international comparison","volume":"86","author":"Konrad C","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Soc Leather Technol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"1507","article-title":"Trace element removals in adversed wastewater treatment process","volume":"43","author":"Lindstedt KB","year":"1971","journal-title":"Water Poll Control Fed"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Tannery wastewater treatment","volume":"183","author":"Men\u00e9ndez C","year":"1998","journal-title":"Tecnolog\u00eda de agua"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620161005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(99)00271-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Methods for aquatic toxicity identification evaluations: Phase I toxicity characterization procedures for samples exhibiting acute and chronic toxicity","author":"Norberg\u2010King TJ","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Effects of water hardness on the toxicity of metals to Daphnia magna","author":"Chapman GA","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"RivelaB BornhardtC VidalG M\u00e9ndezR.2002.Towards a cleaner production in developing countries: a case study in a Chilean tannery. Waste Manage Res (submitted)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(99)00358-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1223(97)00388-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Ti\u0161lerT Zagorc\u2010Kon\u00e7anJ.2001.Toxicity potential of substances in the tannery wastewater. Proceedings of 11th Annual Meeting of SETAC Europe Madrid Spain May 6\u201310. 6 p."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1223(99)00390-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Ammonia","author":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA]","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater and marine organisms","author":"USEPA","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5620161210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Fractionnement et mobilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9taux lourds dans un sol en amont des eaux us\u00e9es de tanneries","volume":"13","author":"Yatrabi A","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev Sci Eau"}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftox.10094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tox.10094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,7]],"date-time":"2023-10-07T00:05:21Z","timestamp":1696637121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tox.10094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tox.10094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.10094","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-4081","1522-7278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-4081","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-7278","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-06-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-08-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-01-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}