{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T17:18:21Z","timestamp":1762017501498},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,7]],"date-time":"2011-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1299456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute renal failure resulting from radiocontrast\u2010induced nephrotoxicity (RIN) is suggested to occur via medullary ischemia coupled with the generation of free radicals and oxidative injury to tubular cells. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of erdosteine on prevention of RIN. Thirty\u2010three Wistar\u2010albino rats were divided into five groups: control (group 1, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6), radiocontrast media (group 2, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 6), erdosteine (group 3, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 7), erdosteine four doses before radiocontrast application (group 4, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 7) and erdosteine one dose at the same day with radiocontrast application (group 5, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 7). RIN was induced by administration of intravenous high osmolar contrast media amidotrizoate (6 mL\/kg). Total RNA was extracted from the kidney, and the expression levels of <jats:italic>Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2)<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1)<\/jats:italic> genes were evaluated by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real\u2010time RT\u2010PCR). Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in kidney homogenates and serum samples. Serum creatinine, BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and cystatin\u2010C levels were measured from serum samples. The kidneys were evaluated histopathologically. The expression levels of <jats:italic>Spp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lcn2<\/jats:italic> genes in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. The expression levels of <jats:italic>Spp1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lcn2<\/jats:italic> genes in group 4 were four and two times lower than group 5, respectively. Kidney TOS levels in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 1, 3, 4, and 5. Kidney TAS levels in group 3 were higher than group 2. Kidney oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in group 2 were significantly higher than groups 4 and 5. All rats in contrast media group developed tubular necrosis, proteinaceous casts, medullary congestion although these changes were significantly reduced in groups 4 and 5. This study demonstrated that multiple doses of erdosteine before application may have higher protective effects against RIN. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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