{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T20:43:12Z","timestamp":1780432992339,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":639,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ. Toxicol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"DOI":"10.1002\/tox.21930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]],"date-time":"2013-12-02T04:50:51Z","timestamp":1385959851000},"page":"538-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Protective effects of diallyl disulfide on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity through activation of Nrf2"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"In-Chul","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Seon","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changjong","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-Bae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won-Kee","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Mouse Resource Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Chungbuk 363-883 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoung-Chin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Mouse Resource Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Chungbuk 363-883 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Choon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0001|tox21930-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1128(199601)16:1<111::AID-MED4>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Therapeutic actions of garlic constituents","volume":"16","author":"Agarwal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0002|tox21930-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(96)03366-5","article-title":"Methanol potentiation of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: The central role of cytochrome P450","volume":"112","author":"Allis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0003|tox21930-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2744(199811)23:3<175::AID-MC6>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"The effect of vitamin E acetate on ultraviolet induced mouse skin carcinogenesis","volume":"23","author":"Berton","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0004|tox21930-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659309000384","article-title":"Role of free radicals in toxic hepatic injury II. Are free radicals the cause of toxin-induced liver injury?","volume":"31","author":"Brent","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0005|tox21930-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.021","article-title":"Induction of detoxifying enzymes by garlic organosulfur compounds through transcription factor Nrf2: Effect of chemical structure and stress signals","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0006|tox21930-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00651.2005","article-title":"Activation of Nrf2\/ARE pathway protects endothelial cells form oxidant injury and inhibits inflammatory gene expression","volume":"290","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0007|tox21930-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2007.10.029","article-title":"The Nrf2-Keap1 defence pathway: Role in protection against drug-induced toxicity","volume":"246","author":"Copple","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0008|tox21930-cit-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.2570080104","article-title":"Potentiation of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and pneumotoxicity by pyridine","volume":"8","author":"Day","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biochem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0009|tox21930-cit-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204506","article-title":"Functional characterization and role of INrf2 in antioxidant response element-mediated expression and antioxidant induction of NAD(P)H: Quinone oxidoreductase1 gene","volume":"20","author":"Dhakshinamoorthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0010|tox21930-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1097\/00001813-199803000-00013","article-title":"Effects of oil-soluble organosulfur compounds from garlic on doxorubicin-induced lipid peroxidation","volume":"9","author":"Dwivedi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anticancer Drug"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0011|tox21930-cit-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.04-2915fje","article-title":"Green tea extract and (\u2212)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, the major tea catechin, exert oxidant but lack antioxidant activities","volume":"19","author":"Elbling","year":"2005","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0012|tox21930-cit-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/59.1.169","article-title":"High sensitivity of Nrf2 knockout mice to acetaminophen hepatotoxicity associated with decreased expression of ARE-regulated drug metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant genes","volume":"59","author":"Enomoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0013|tox21930-cit-0013","first-page":"163","article-title":"Mechanisms of the preventive properties of some garlic components in the carbon tetrachloride-promoted oxidative stress. Diallyl sulfide; diallyl disulfide; allyl mercaptan and allyl methyl sulfide","volume":"102","author":"Fanelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0014|tox21930-cit-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2003.12.010","article-title":"The effects of allyl sulfides on the induction of phase II detoxification enzymes and liver injury by carbon tetrachloride","volume":"42","author":"Fukao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0015|tox21930-cit-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)00021-3","article-title":"The molecular biology of cytochrome P450s","volume":"40","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0016|tox21930-cit-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1998.8574","article-title":"Modulation of phase II enzymes by organosulfur compounds from Allium vegetables in rat tissues","volume":"154","author":"Guyonett","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0017|tox21930-cit-0017","first-page":"316","article-title":"Antioxidant role of oils isolated from garlic (Allium sativum Linn) and onion (Allium cepa Linn) on nicotine-induced lipid peroxidation","volume":"41","author":"A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet Hum Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0018|tox21930-cit-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2008.07.027","article-title":"Protective effects of Dunaliella salina-A carotenoids-rich alga, against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice","volume":"46","author":"Hsu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0019|tox21930-cit-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2004.02.074","article-title":"Nrf2 signaling in coordinated activation of antioxidant gene expression","volume":"36","author":"Jaiswal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Free Radical Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0020|tox21930-cit-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(99)00004-1","article-title":"Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 expression by oleanolic acid: Hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury","volume":"105","author":"Jeong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0021|tox21930-cit-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(98)00246-8","article-title":"Preventive effect of diallyl sulfide on N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced immuno-suppression in mice","volume":"134","author":"Jeong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0022|tox21930-cit-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.2864","article-title":"Induction of rat hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by myristicin","volume":"217","author":"Jeong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0023|tox21930-cit-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.06.010","article-title":"Nrf2 protects against As(III)-induced damage in mouse liver and bladder","volume":"240","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0024|tox21930-cit-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.12.055","article-title":"Diallyl sulfide enhances antioxidants and inhibits inflammation through the activation of Nrf2 against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats","volume":"606","author":"Kalayarasan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0025|tox21930-cit-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(96)00647-8","article-title":"Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2E1 expression by 2-(allyltio)pyrazine, a potential chemoprotective agent: Hepatoprotective effects","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0026|tox21930-cit-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2009.09.007","article-title":"A protective role of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) in inflammatory disorders","volume":"690","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0027|tox21930-cit-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.6.2.1537462","article-title":"Oxidative and reductive metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1","volume":"6","author":"Koop","year":"1992","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0028|tox21930-cit-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(01)00104-1","article-title":"Protective effect of Platycodi radix on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"40","author":"Lee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0029|tox21930-cit-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.91.202","article-title":"Protective mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza on carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats","volume":"91","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0030|tox21930-cit-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.07.020","article-title":"Protective effect of acetoside on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"74","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0031|tox21930-cit-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.05.010","article-title":"Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of the coffee diterpenes kahweol and cafestol on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0032|tox21930-cit-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0033|tox21930-cit-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(79)90289-7","article-title":"Levels of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities in rat lung and liver","volume":"582","author":"Moron","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0034|tox21930-cit-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.07.004","article-title":"Regulation of inflammation and redox signaling by dietary polyphenols","volume":"72","author":"Rahman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0035|tox21930-cit-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(89)90050-8","article-title":"Mechanisms of carbon tetrachloride toxicity","volume":"43","author":"Recknagel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0036|tox21930-cit-0036","first-page":"401","volume-title":"Hepatotoxicology","author":"Recknagel","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0037|tox21930-cit-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/01635589609514448","article-title":"Modulation of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 activity by garlic organosulfur compounds","volume":"25","author":"Reicks","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0038|tox21930-cit-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2006.10.022","article-title":"Protective effects of Passiflora alata extract pretreatment on carbon tetrachloride induced oxidative damage in rats","volume":"45","author":"Rudnicki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0039|tox21930-cit-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X99000124","article-title":"Effect of garlic active principle, diallyl disulfide, on cell viability, lipid peroxidation, glutathione concentration and its related enzyme activities in primary rat hepatocytes","volume":"27","author":"LY","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Chin Med"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0040|tox21930-cit-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(01)00347-2","article-title":"Effect of diallyl sulfide and diallyl disulfide, the active principles of garlic, on the aflatoxin B1-induced DNA damage in primary rat hepatocytes","volume":"122","author":"Sheen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0041|tox21930-cit-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(97)00309-1","article-title":"Modification of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats treated with alkyl sulfides","volume":"120","author":"Siess","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0042|tox21930-cit-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040483","article-title":"Carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: An example of free radical-mediated injury","volume":"10","author":"Williams","year":"1990","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0043|tox21930-cit-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1998.8547","article-title":"Resistance to carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice which lack CYP2E1 content","volume":"153","author":"Wong","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0044|tox21930-cit-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1021\/jf010937z","article-title":"Differential effects of garlic oil and its three major organosulfur components on the hepatic detoxification system in rats","volume":"50","author":"Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0045|tox21930-cit-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.04.054","article-title":"Carthamus red from Carthamus tinctorius L. exerts antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats","volume":"148","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1002\/tox.21930-BIB0046|tox21930-cit-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1080\/03602530600971974","article-title":"Mechanistic studies of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftox.21930","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1002\/tox.21930\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:55:55Z","timestamp":1746060955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tox.21930"}},"subtitle":["Carbon Tetrachloride's Hepatotoxicity and Diallyl Disulfide"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.21930","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-4081"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-4081","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]}}}