{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:41:21Z","timestamp":1788871281951,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,21]],"date-time":"2014-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Global Environment Research Fund of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan","award":["C-1155"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C-1155"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Bjerkandera adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) causes fungus\u2010associated chronic cough. However, the inflammatory response is not yet fully understood. Recently,\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    was identified in Asian sand dust (ASD) aerosol. This study investigated the enhancing effects of ASD on\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010induced lung inflammation.\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    was inactivated by formalin. ASD was heated to remove toxic organic substances. ICR mice were intratracheally instilled with saline,\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.2 \u00b5g, or\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.8 \u00b5g with or without heated ASD 0.1 mg (H\u2010ASD), four times at 2\u2010week intervals. Two\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    experiments were conducted to investigate any enhancing effects using bone marrow\u2010derived macrophages (BMDM) from Toll\u2010like receptor (TLR) knockout mice and ICR mice. Co\u2010exposure to H\u2010ASD and\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    , especially at high doses, caused eosinophil infiltration, proliferation of goblet cells in the airway, and fibrous thickening of the subepithelial layer, and remarkable increases in expression of Th2 cytokines and eosinophil\u2010related cytokine and chemokine expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    study using BMDM from wild\u2010type, TLR2\u2212\/\u2212, and TLR4\u2212\/\u2212 mice, the TLR\u2010signaling pathway for cytokine production caused by\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    was predominantly TLR2 rather than TLR4. H\u2010ASD increased the expression of NF\u2010\u03baB and cytokine production by\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    in BMDM from ICR mice. The results suggest that co\u2010exposure to H\u2010ASD and\n                    <jats:italic>B. adusta<\/jats:italic>\n                    caused aggravated lung eosinophilia via remarkable increases of pro\u2010inflammatory mediators. The aggravation of inflammation may be related, at least in part, to the activation of the TLR2\u2013NF\u2010\u03baB signaling pathway in antigen presenting cells by H\u2010ASD. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 93\u2013105, 2016.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,21]],"date-time":"2014-07-21T03:03:01Z","timestamp":1405911781000},"page":"93-105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Silica\u2010carrying particulate matter enhances\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>B<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    <i>jerkandera adusta<\/i>\n                    \u2010induced murine lung eosinophilia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Miao","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environment and Chronic Non\u2010Communicable Disease Research Center School of Public Health, China Medical University 11001 Shenyang China"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences 870\u20101201 Oita 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