{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T16:39:37Z","timestamp":1783528777822,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thioacetamide (TAA), usually used as a fungicide to control the decay of citrus products, itself is not toxic to the liver, but its intermediates are able to increase oxidative stress in livers and further cause fibrosis. <jats:italic>Ophiocordyceps sinensis<\/jats:italic> mycelium (OSM) which contains 10% polysaccharides and 0.25% adenosine decreased (<jats:italic>P &lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.05) the lipid accumulation and increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) antioxidative capacity in livers of thioacetamide (TAA) injected rats. Meanwhile, the increased (<jats:italic>P &lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.05) liver sizes, serum alanine transaminase (AST) and aspartate transaminase (ALT) values in thioacetamide (TAA)\u2010injected rats were ameliorated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) by OSM supplementation. Moreover, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as the tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) and interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2), were also reduced (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The fibrosis phenomena in pathological (Masson's trichrome and H&amp;E stainings) and immunohistochemical [\u03b1\u2010smooth actin (\u03b1SMA) and CD86\/ED1] observations in TAA\u2010treated rats were reduced (<jats:italic>P &lt;<\/jats:italic> 0.05) by OSM cotreatment. The protective effect of OSM against TAA\u2010induced liver inflammation\/fibrosis may be via downregulations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) of TGF\u2010\u03b2 pathways and NF\u03baB which further influenced (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) the expressions of fibrotic and inflammatory genes (i. e., \u03b1SMA, Col1\u03b1, COX2). Therefore, OSM shows preventive effects on the development of TAA\u2010induced hepatic fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T06:07:01Z","timestamp":1486620421000},"page":"1792-1800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Preventive effects of <i>Ophiocordyceps sinensis<\/i> mycelium on the liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yi\u2010Hsieng Samuel","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Kai","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry Asia University Taichung 413 Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University Taichung 404 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung\u2010Hsi","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"},{"name":"Zoonoses Research Center, National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Hsien","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Ling","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"},{"name":"Zoonoses Research Center, National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/713611034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.102.2638.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(84)90154-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2013.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X14500281"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v9.i3.529"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2014.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-014-3031-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370213480741"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.2012.01601.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2011.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310136"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx049869b"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21179"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2007.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.4723"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381446"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2015.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2009.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.04.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/65.2.166"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.482"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1203-1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40139-015-0089-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0708415"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.10.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf4038419"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.14.2.187","article-title":"A mechanism of suppression of TGF\u2010\u03b2\/SMAD signaling by NF\u03baB\/RelA","volume":"14","author":"Bitzer M","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-9335-00182"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.23.8855-8865.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1663"}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Ftox.22402","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tox.22402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T11:25:23Z","timestamp":1696505123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tox.22402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tox.22402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.22402","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-4081","1522-7278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-4081","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-7278","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-02-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}