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Whether <jats:italic>Carthamus tinctorius<\/jats:italic> extract prevent cardiomyoblast cell hypertrophy remains unclear. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of <jats:italic>C tinctorius<\/jats:italic> extract (CTF) on rat cardiomyoblast cell H9c2 and the possible molecular mechanisms. H9c2 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 2\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) for 12\u2009hours, subsequently treated with CTF (1\u201025\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) The incubation continued for another 24\u2009hours, and the cells were analyzed with actin staining assay, western blot analysis, and siRNA transfection assays. In the present study, the increased cell size induced by LPS was significantly decreased by pretreating at a concentration of 1\u201025\u2009\u03bcg\/mL CTF. It was found that CTF could inhibit cardiac hypertrophy induced by LPS and decrease hypertrophic proteins calcineurin, p\u2010GATA\u20104, GATA\u20104, atrial natriuretic peptide, and B\u2010type natriuretic peptide levels in H9c2 cells. Additionally, LPS\u2010induced insulin\u2010like growth factor\u2010II receptor (IGF\u2010IIR) hypertrophy pathway was downregulated by CTF. Moreover, IGF\u2010IR siRNA or inhibitors both reversed the CTF effects, confirming that CTF activates IGF\u20101R to prevent LPS\u2010induced H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell hypertrophy. The current findings indicate that CTF activates IGF\u2010IR to inhibit IGF\u2010IIR signaling pathway which resulted in reducing H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell hypertrophy induced by LPS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T13:30:39Z","timestamp":1573565439000},"page":"145-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["LPS\u2010enhanced IGF\u2010IIR pathway to induce H9c2 cardiomyoblast cell hypertrophy was attenuated by <i>Carthamus tinctorius<\/i> extract via IGF\u2010IR activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Chum\u2010Liang","family":"Tung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology Asia University  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia\u2010Yi Christian Hospital  Chiayi City 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