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The evaluation of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and the treatment outcomes involved biochemical investigations of blood samples as well as molecular analysis, and histopathological assessment for liver and kidney tissue samples. CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    treatment caused elevated biochemical indicators of hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects as detected by liver and kidney functions tests, which improved gradually with propolis nanoparticles treatment. The molecular studies showed an increase in transforming growth factor \u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2), Nephrin, and Caspase\u20109, while Bcl\u20102 levels dropped in both liver and kidney tissue samples; such changes were normalized after treatment. The histological findings confirm both biochemical and molecular studies. Our results indicated that propolis nanoparticles had an anti\u2010inflammatory effect as proved by decreased expression of TGF\u2010\u03b2 in liver tissue and Nephrin in kidney tissue. The propolis nanoparticles showed an anti\u2010apoptotic effect on liver and kidney tissue increasing the expression of Bcl\u20102 and decreasing the expression of Caspase\u20109.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T14:34:54Z","timestamp":1598366094000},"page":"55-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Propolis nanoparticles modulate the inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced liver fibrosis and nephropathy in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0546-8126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Batoul Mohamed","family":"Izzularab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Damanhour University  Damanhour Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervat","family":"Megeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biophysics, Medical Equipments Department Faculty of Allied Science Pharos University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Yehia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histochemistry and Cell Biology Department Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320308098343"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2013.06.016"},{"issue":"45","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of ginseng extract on the TGF\u2010\u03b21 signaling pathway in CCl4\u2010induced liver fibrosis in rats","volume":"17","author":"Hafez MM","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350070045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385095-9.00225-6","volume-title":"TGF\u2010\u03b2 in Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides","author":"Lifshitz V","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HegaziAG Abd El HadyFK. 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