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Exposure of gas station attendants (GSAs) to petroleum products fumes (PPFs) may account for occupation\u2010related predisposition to respiratory toxicity and disease pathogenesis. We simulated GSA exposure to PPF inhalation and examined their effect on oxido\u2010inflammatory responses, toxicity, and histopathological alterations in rat lungs, following 8\u2010hours daily exposure for 60 and 90\u2009days. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers, namely: superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione\u2010<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\u2010transferase (GST), TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, xanthine oxidase (XO), nitric oxide (NO) activity were evaluated. Besides, histopathological examination of the lungs and trachea of exposed rats, PPF exposure resulted in significant (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u2009.05) increases in RONS, biomarkers of oxidative stress, pro\u2010inflammation cytokines, and reduced (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u2009.05) GSH levels in rats, secondary to histopathological alteration in lungs and trachea cytoarchitecture examined in an exposure\u2010duration\u2010dependent manner. We conclude, therefore, that the observed biochemical and histological changes create a microenvironment that is permissive to diseases pathogenesis of the respiratory system via oxido\u2010inflammatory mechanistic pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T15:09:21Z","timestamp":1600960161000},"page":"132-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["<scp>Oxido\u2010inflammatory<\/scp> responses and histological alterations in rat lungs exposed to petroleum product fumes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-0376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solomon E.","family":"Owumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan  Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobiloba C.","family":"Elebiyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan  Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bidemi Noah","family":"Oladimeji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Ibadan  Ibadan Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465808094971"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-1995.189646"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","unstructured":"Agency USEP.National air Toxics Program: the Second Integrated Urban Air Toxics Report to Congress.2014. 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