{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T12:28:37Z","timestamp":1772800117500,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon widespread in the environment and closely associated to tobacco use, which is an important risk factor for highly incident stomach cancer. Menthol, a monoterpene extracted from Mentha genus species, has multiple biological properties, including anti\u2010inflammatory and gastroprotective properties, but its effects on carcinogenesis are still to be fully understood. Thus, we evaluated the modifying effects of Ment against BaP\u2010induced forestomach carcinogenesis. Female Swiss mice received BaP by intragastrical (i.g.) administration (50\u2009mg\/kg of body weight [b wt], 2\u00d7\/week), from weeks 1\u20135\u2009weeks. Concomitantly, mice received Menthol at 25 (Ment25) or 50 (Ment50) mg\/kg b wt (i.g, 3\u00d7\/week). Animals were euthanized at weeks 5 (n\u00a0=\u00a05 mice\/group) or 30 (n\u00a0=\u00a010 mice\/group). At week 5, both Ment doses reduced peripheral leukocyte blood genotoxicity 4\u00a0h after the last BaP administration, but only Ment50 attenuated this biomarker 8\u00a0h after the last BaP administration. In accordance to these findings, both Ment interventions attenuated BaP\u2010induced increase in the percentage of H2A.X\u2010positive forestomach epithelial cells. Moreover, Ment50 reduced cell proliferation and apoptosis (i.e.<jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic> Ki\u201067 and caspase\u20103, respectively) in forestomach epithelium but exerted no significant effects on NF\u03baB, and Nrf2 protein levels. At week 30, Ment50 reduced by ~55% the incidence of BaP\u2010induced forestomach diffuse hyperplasia and multiplicity of forestomach tumors (squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas). Our findings indicate that Ment50, administered during initiation phase, attenuates forestomach carcinogenesis by reducing early genotoxicity, cell proliferation, and apoptosis induced by BaP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T11:30:53Z","timestamp":1627731053000},"page":"2245-2255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Modifying effects of menthol against benzo(a)pyrene\u2010induced forestomach carcinogenesis in female Swiss mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sara Gomes Esp\u00edrito","family":"Santo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Ribeiro","family":"Romualdo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Botucatu Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leandro Alves dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tony Fernando","family":"Grassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP)  Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds 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