{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T19:32:08Z","timestamp":1784835128607,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b1\u2010Solanine is a natural toxic glycoalkaloid produced in some species of the Solanaceae family with antiproliferative activity in various cancers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of \u03b1\u2010solanine on the oxidative stress status in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and to evaluate its influence on microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with oxidative stress and NF\u2010\u03baB regulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prooxidant effect of \u03b1\u2010solanine was tested by the decay rate of the fluorescent probe, \u03b2\u2010phycoerythrin, and by measuring malondialdehyde, reduced Glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase following treatment of HepG2 cells with low doses of \u03b1\u2010solanine. Immunocytochemical techniques were used to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (\u0394\u03a8m) and NF\u2010\u03baB protein. The gene expression of NF\u2010\u03baB and miRNAs was evaluated by real\u2010time PCR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b1\u2010Solanine is a prooxidant that causes a rapid decay in the fluorescence intensity of \u03b2\u2010phycoerythrin. It induces oxidative stress\u2010related alterations such as increased lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant markers. Oxidative stress induced by \u03b1\u2010solanine was mediated by decreased \u0394\u03a8m, increased NF\u2010\u03baB expression, upregulation of miRNAs that control oxidative stress by regulating the NF\u2010\u03baB pathway, and downregulation of oncogenic miRNAs that inhibit the NF\u2010\u03baB pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b1\u2010Solanine\u2010induced oxidative stress is mediated by alterations in the NF\u2010\u03baB pathway with a detected crosstalk between \u03b1\u2010solanine treatment and the expression of oxidative stress\u2010responsive miRNAs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T20:45:49Z","timestamp":1634762749000},"page":"212-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Involvement of miRNAs in response to oxidative stress induced by the steroidal glycoalkaloid \u03b1\u2010solanine in hepatocellular carcinoma cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Shaimaa A.","family":"Gouhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division National Research Centre  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud T.","family":"Abo\u2010elfadl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division National Research Centre  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences National Research Centre  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira M.","family":"Gamal\u2010Eldeen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division National Research Centre  Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Cancer 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