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Our study aimed to explore the role of TSHR and its upstream microRNA (miRNA) in hyperthyroid\u2010associated osteoporosis. Bioinformatics analysis (starBase and Targetscan) and a wide range of experiments including reverse\u2010transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, luciferase reporter, western blot analysis of osteogenic differentiation markers including OSX, OCN, ALP, OPN, and COL1, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Alizarin Red staining assays were used to explore the function and mechanism of TSHR in hyperthyroid\u2010associated osteoporosis. First, we observed that TSHR was downregulated in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) isolated from rats after culture in osteogenic medium for 7\u2009days. Functionally, overexpression of TSHR accelerates BMSC osteogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, we predicted four potential miRNAs for TSHR. MiR\u2010577 was validated to bind with TSHR. Rescue assays showed that miR\u2010577 overexpression inhibited BMSC osteogenic differentiation via targeting TSHR. In vivo experiments showed that miR\u2010577 aggravated bone loss and bone remodeling and our data showed that it is achieved by targeting TSHR in hyperthyroid\u2010associated osteoporosis. This finding may deep our understanding of the pathogenesis of hyperthyroid\u2010associated osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,26]],"date-time":"2021-11-26T09:06:21Z","timestamp":1637917581000},"page":"539-548","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>MicroRNA<\/scp>\u2010577 aggravates bone loss and bone remodeling by targeting thyroid stimulating hormone receptor in hyperthyroid\u2010associated osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Tongdao","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine The First People's Hospital of Changzhou (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University)  Changzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Endocrine The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang  Lianyungang 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