{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:30:58Z","timestamp":1791469858821,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) potentially triggers airway inflammation. Peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor gamma (PPAR\u03b3) has been reported to regulate inflammatory responses in diverse cell types. Therefore, this work investigated the mechanisms of PPAR\u03b3 in regulating traffic\u2010related PM2.5\u2010induced airway inflammation. Using the diffusion flame burner soot generation, traffic\u2010related PM2.5 was generated and adsorbed. BALB\/c male mice and human bronchial epithelial cells (16\u2010HBE) were exposed to PM2.5 alone or co\u2010treatment with rosiglitazone (RSG), an agonist of PPAR\u03b3. To the end of exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), venous blood and arterial blood, trachea, bronchus and lung tissues were collected. The levels of IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and IL\u201017 were detected by ELISA, and the cell types in BALF were counted. Hematoxylin\u2010eosin (H&amp;E)\u00a0assay were used to analyze the pathological conditions of lung, bronchus, and pulmonary artery. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, and PPAR\u03b3 expression in lung and bronchus was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Western Blot was used to detect PPAR\u03b3, NF\u2010kB, AP\u20101 and STAT3 expression in lung and bronchus. The viability was detected by MTT method. PM2.5 exposure caused pathological damage to the lung, bronchus and pulmonary artery tissue, which induced apoptosis of bronchial epithelial cells. PM2.5 exposure caused local inflammation of the whole body and airway. PPAR\u03b3 expression increased after PM2.5 exposure. PM2.5 exposure regulated the downstream signaling pathways to affect the inflammatory response through PPAR\u03b3. Exposure to traffic\u2010related PM2.5 caused respiratory damage via PPAR\u03b3\u2010regulated inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T07:05:44Z","timestamp":1654585544000},"page":"2178-2188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exposure to traffic\u2010related fine particulate matter 2.5 causes respiratory damage via peroxisome proliferator\u2010activated receptor gamma\u2010regulated inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Xiaolei","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5224-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Limin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Institute of Pediatric Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuoming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1306497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2016_55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","article-title":"Relationship between ambient air pollution and children's respiratory health in China","volume":"26","author":"Yan\u2010Zhen WU","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10479-018-3077-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007653900063"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2010.12.007"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Pathological effects of particulate matter (PM2.5) on pulmonary airways and its roles in asthma pathobiology","volume":"28","author":"Shi YL","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Biomech"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(90)90003-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-4666(92)90054-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.12.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705232"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"1153","article-title":"Correlation between cellular components and infiltrating cells in the lung tissue of asthmatics","volume":"95","author":"Tanizaki Y","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Okayama Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atmosres.2011.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-12-43"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13070694"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed in PM2.5 and PM10 in a region of Arequipa, Peru","volume":"27","author":"Valdivia AEL","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Ence Pollut Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/njppp.2013.3.220420131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.18.3.2882"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-10-63"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.237560"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390701457746"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370601067897"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173158"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","article-title":"The effect of PPAR gamma agonists thiazolidinediones on eosinophil function","volume":"113","author":"Ohta TAMUC","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","article-title":"Effects of rosiglitazone on the expression of PPAR\u2010\u03b3 and the production of IL\u20106 and IL\u20108 in acute lung injury model using human pulmonary epithelial cells","volume":"10","author":"Kim S","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop J Pharm Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000480313"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00529.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.4850"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13216"}],"container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tox.23584","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/tox.23584","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/tox.23584","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T11:09:41Z","timestamp":1692875381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/tox.23584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/tox.23584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.23584","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-4081","1522-7278"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-4081","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-7278","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}