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The effects of chronic exposure to ATR on renal function in rats were evaluated in this research. Female Sprague\u2013Dawley rats at 4\u2009weeks of age were treated with different concentrations of ATR for 6\u00a0months. No significant differences \u00a0in\u00a0terms\u00a0of\u00a0renal\u00a0functions were observed after\u00a0ATR\u00a0treatment. In histopathological examination of the kidney, Hematoxylin\u2013Eosin staining indicated the development of degenerative changes in a dose\u2010dependent manner. The results revealed that ATR exposure leads to renal fibrosis and that activation of the Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin pathway plays a potential role in ATR\u2010related renal fibrosis. Levels\u00a0of transforming growth factor (TGF)\u2010\u03b2 and TGF\u2010\u03b21 levels and\u00a0the\u00a0reactive\u00a0oxygen\u00a0species\u00a0were significantly upregulated after ATR treatment. In conclusion, long\u2010term exposure to ATR could cause kidney fibrosis, which is the result of epithelial\u2010mesenchymal transition caused by inflammation and oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]],"date-time":"2023-02-11T13:45:22Z","timestamp":1676123122000},"page":"1143-1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Prolonged exposure to the herbicide atrazine promotes kidney fibrosis by activating Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Taiwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, School of 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