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However, the pulmonary toxicological mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, Wistar rats were exposed to CLDS\u2010i 7\u2009days\/week, 4\u2009h\/day, for 4\u2009weeks in the mouth and nose. Lung tissue samples were collected for histopathological analysis and ultra\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry analysis. Enzyme activities and expression levels of key metabolic enzymes were detected by biochemical analysis and real\u2010time PCR. The pathological features of lung tissue showed that CLDS\u2010i caused congestion and inflammation in the lungs, and the lung structure was severely damaged. Metabolomics analysis showed that 141 metabolites were significantly changed in the lung tissue of the CLDS\u2010i group compared with the control group. Combined with Kegg pathway analysis, it was found that the changes of amino acid metabolites were involved in these pathways, indicating that the simulated lunar dust exposure had the most obvious effect on amino acid metabolism in the lung tissue of rats. Real\u2010time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA expression of six key enzymes related to amino acid metabolism was changed, and the enzyme activities of these key enzymes were also changed, which were consistent with the results of qPCR. These results suggest that changes in amino acid metabolism may be closely related to the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by lunar dust, and amino acid metabolism may be a potential biomarker of lung diseases related to lunar dust exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T08:33:16Z","timestamp":1694161996000},"page":"184-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring the mechanism of lung injury induced by lunar dust simulant in rats based on metabolomic analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0241-3197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medical Sciences Shenyang Medical College  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Basic Medical Sciences Shenyang Medical College  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Shenyang Medical College  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinguo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiongyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences, Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macau University of Science and Technology  Taipa China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8TX00329G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370290084692"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370290084683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2016.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/ijp.2018.766.772"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22665"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.137432"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.03.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-3111-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2021.112955"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Subacute inhalation toxicology: 28\u2010day study OECD guidelines for the testing of chemicals. 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