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Particularly, nano pesticides promise to be more sustainable and less harmful to the ecosystem and human health; however, most studies continue to focus on their efficacy in the field, leaving aside the effect on humans. This project aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of a nano\u2010encapsulated pesticide on bronchial epithelial cells (NL\u201020) in vitro and elucidate the mechanism through which they induce damage. The nano fraction (NF) of the pesticide Karate Zeon\u00ae 5 CS was characterized and isolated, and the uptake into the cell and the changes induced in the cellular ultrastructure were evaluated. In addition, the primary markers of oxidative stress, reticulum stress, and genotoxicity were assessed using the micronucleus test. A 700\u2009nm fraction with a Z potential of \u221240\u2009mV was obtained, whose main component is polyurea formaldehyde; this allows the capsules to enter the cell through macropinocytosis and clathrin\u2010mediated endocytosis. Inside, they induce oxidative stress activating a reticulum stress response via the BIP protein and the IRE\u20101 sensor, triggering an inflammatory response. Likewise, stress reduces cell proliferation, increasing\u00a0genotoxic damage through micronuclei; however, this damage is mainly induced by direct contact of the capsules with the nucleus. This pioneering study uses a nanometric encapsulated commercial pesticide to evaluate the molecular mechanism of induced damage. It makes it the first step in analyzing whether these substances represent a contaminant or an emerging solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.23991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T13:50:48Z","timestamp":1696600248000},"page":"1072-1085","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nano fraction of pesticide induces genotoxicity and oxidative stress\u2010dependent reticulum stress"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Paz\u2010Trejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Genotoxicolog\u00eda Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atm\u00f3sfera y Cambio Clim\u00e1tico Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Ciudad Universitaria  Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 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