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This review aims to comprehensively assess the molecular mechanisms of PCBs\u2010induced T2DM. Recent progress has been made in the research of PCBs in liver tissue, adipose tissue, and other tissues. By influencing the function of nuclear receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnancy X receptor (PXR), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor \u03b3 (PPAR\u03b3), as well as the inflammatory response, PCBs disrupt the balance of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism. This is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the target organ of insulin. Through androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor \u03b1\/\u03b2 (ER\u03b1\/\u03b2), and pancreato\u2010duodenal\u2010homeobox gene\u20101 (PDX\u20101), PCBs affect the secretion of insulin and increase blood glucose. Thus, this review is a discussion on the relationship between PCBs exposure and the pathogenesis of T2DM. 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