{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T06:15:47Z","timestamp":1763014547912,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Tri\u2010ortho\u2010cresyl phosphate (TOCP) is a widely used organophosphorus compound in industry and agriculture, but its immunotoxicity has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the immunotoxicity of TOCP in mice by examining changes in immune cell populations and histopathological alterations in the spleen. Male ICR mice were administered TOCP via daily oral gavage at doses of 200 and 400\u2009mg\/kg body weight (BW)\/d for 28\u2009days to evaluate its effects on immune cell populations in blood and spleen. TOCP treatment at 400\u2009mg\/kg BW\/d reduced white blood cell counts by 18% and decreased lymphocyte counts by 10.5% compared to the control group. Specifically, CD3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T\u00a0cell counts in blood decreased by 17.4%. In the spleen, TOCP exposure reduced the proportion of T cells by 13.3%. TOCP also disrupted the structural integrity of the splenic white pulp. In\u00a0vitro the TOCP metabolite cresyl saligenic phosphate (CBDP) inhibited splenic lymphocyte proliferation, selectively increasing T\u00a0cell proportions by 21.25% and inhibiting B\u00a0cell proportions by 13.18%, different from in\u00a0vivo findings. This suggests that the reduction of T cells observed in\u00a0vivo may not be solely due to direct cytotoxic effects of TOCP on T cells. These observed changes in immune cell counts and spleen histology indicate that TOCP has a systemic immunotoxicity in\u00a0vivo, which could lead to compromised immune surveillance and defense function.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.24552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T07:45:16Z","timestamp":1751442316000},"page":"1375-1386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Subchronic Exposure of Tri\u2010\n                    <i>Ortho<\/i>\n                    \u2010Cresyl Phosphate Reduces T\u2010Cell Population in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0719-1175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Steroid Drug Discovery and Development, School of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b921910b"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.0c01152"},{"volume-title":"The Proposition 65 List","year":"2025","author":"Admin O","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901332"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/109374099281142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2002.4346"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx100447k"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Tri\u2010Ortho\u2010Cresyl Phosphate (TOCP) Decreases the Levels of Cytoskeletal Proteins in Hen Sciatic Nerve","volume":"152","author":"Zhao X. 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