{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T12:59:37Z","timestamp":1775566777341,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, behavioral, and histological effects of the organophosphate insecticide ethion on common carp fingerlings (\n \n Cyprinus carpio<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n , 10\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u2009g). Short\u2010term acute bioassays and subsequent confirmatory definitive tests were conducted, revealing the 96\u2009h LC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n of ethion to be 43.76\u2009\u03bc\/L using Finney's probit method. Fish were treated to four sub\u2010lethal concentrations (\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20090.56\u2009\u03bc\/L,\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20090.8\u2009\u03bc\/L,\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20091.13\u2009\u03bc\/L,\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n \u2009=\u20092.3\u2009\u03bc\/L) for the durations of 14 and 21\u2009days. Ethion exposure resulted in a considerable concentration\u2010dependent loss in cell viability and an elevation in necrotic and apoptotic cell populations. The frequency of micronuclei in hematocytes drastically increased (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), suggesting the genotoxic potential of ethion in fish. Fish displayed dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent behavioral abnormalities following sub\u2010lethal exposure to ethion, characterized by increased mucus secretion, convulsions, loss of balance, bleeding, and symptoms of muscle tetany. The pesticide caused histological abnormalities that intensified with concentration: modest lifting and fusing of gill lamellae at lower levels; degeneration and vasodilation at\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 3<\/jats:sub>\n ; and severe lamellar and hepatic damage at\n C<\/jats:italic>\n 4<\/jats:sub>\n . Liver tissues demonstrated increasing vacuolation and degenerative changes, accompanied by nuclear hypertrophy and karyolysis at higher concentrations. The data reveal that ethion is particularly detrimental to common carp, generating cellular, genetic, behavioral, and tissue\u2010level alterations that may imperil aquaculture populations if left uncontrolled.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.70090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T12:16:13Z","timestamp":1775564173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Organophosphate Xenobiotic Ethion (\n EC<\/scp>\n 50%) on Cell Viability, Behavior, Genetic Impairment, and Histoarchitecture in\n Cyprinus carpio<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Taranum","family":"Mushtaq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4227-4590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imtiyaz","family":"Qayoom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Abubakr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farooz A.","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Fisheries Resource Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8951-1493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feroz A.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bilal Ahmad","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Statistics, Faculty of Agriculture SKUAST\u2010K Wadura Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Nadeem","family":"Gillani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB) Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehjabeena","family":"Akhter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries SKUAST\u2010K Ganderbal Jammu and Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"Organophosphate Toxicity","author":"Robb E. 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Washington DC 1995 5\u20139."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","volume-title":"Pesticide Toxicity Index for Freshwater Aquatic Organisms, Scientific Investigations Report 2006\u20135148","author":"Munn M. D.","year":"2006"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"Evaluation of Toxicity and Lethal Concentration (LC50) of Silver and Selenium Nanoparticle in Different Life Stages of the Fish Tenualosa ilish (Hamilton 1822)","volume":"7","author":"Sadeghi M. S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oceanography & Fisheries Open Access Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(93)90100-7","article-title":"A Review of the Relationship Between Acute Toxicity (LC50) of \u03b3\u2010Hexachlorocyclohexane (\u03b3\u2010HCH, Lindane) and Total Lipid Content of Different Fish Species","volume":"83","author":"Geyer H. 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