{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:48:58Z","timestamp":1785808138148,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009096","name":"Firat \u00dcniversitesi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VF.23.15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VF.23.15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Environmental Toxicology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Malathion (MAL) is a widely used organophosphate pesticide associated with hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress and apoptosis. Morin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory properties. This study investigated oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic alterations induced by acute and subacute MAL exposure in rats and evaluated the potential protective effects of morin. Fifty 3\u2010month\u2010old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to six groups: control, morin (200\u2009mg\/kg), subacute MAL (150\u2009mg\/kg), acute MAL (300\u2009mg\/kg), subacute MAL\u2009+\u2009morin, and acute MAL\u2009+\u2009morin. At the end of the experimental period, liver tissues and plasma samples were analyzed. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels; catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH\u2010Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S\u2010transferase (GST) activities; plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities; and tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), B\u2010cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl\u20102), Bcl\u20102\u2010associated X protein (Bax), Bax\/Bcl\u20102 ratio and caspase\u20103 levels were determined. MAL exposure significantly increased MDA, TNF\u2010\u03b1, Bax, Bax\/Bcl\u20102 ratio, caspase\u20103, and liver enzyme activities, while decreasing GSH levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, AChE, BChE, and Bcl\u20102 levels (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Histopathological findings included hepatocellular swelling, focal necrosis, sinusoidal congestion, periportal infiltration, and bile duct proliferation, with more pronounced lesions in the subacute MAL group. Morin administration markedly attenuated biochemical alterations and improved histopathological damage. These findings demonstrate that MAL induces hepatotoxicity by promoting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, whereas morin exerts significant hepatoprotective effects, likely through modulation of antioxidant defense systems and apoptotic pathways.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.70175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T01:23:27Z","timestamp":1785806607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Investigation of the Protective Effect of Morin on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Malathion\u2010Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2040-9247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seval","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University  Elazig T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4105-7260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eda \u0130.","family":"Demirba\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the Republic of T\u00fcrkiye  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1846-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"Ba\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University  Elazig T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6096-4042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali O.","family":"\u00c7eriba\u015f\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Firat University  Elazig T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111483","article-title":"A Treatise on Organophosphate Pesticide Pollution: Current Strategies and Advancements in Their Environmental Degradation and Elimination","volume":"207","author":"Kaushal J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2022.04.023","article-title":"Organophosphate Pesticides an Emerging Environmental Contaminant: Pollution, Toxicity, Bioremediation Progress, and Remaining Challenges","volume":"127","author":"Mali H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Sciences"},{"issue":"48","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40802","DOI":"10.1039\/D5RA05552K","article-title":"Organophosphate Pesticides: A Review on Classification, Synthesis, Toxicity, Remediation and Analysis","volume":"15","author":"Saad H.","year":"2025","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010020\u201008937\u20104"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/life15020158","article-title":"Exposure to Acute Concentration of Malathion Induced Behavioral, Hematological, and Biochemical Toxicities in the Brain of \n                     Labeo rohita","volume":"15","author":"Ullah S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-2736(01)00295-4","article-title":"Changes Induced by Malathion, Methylparathion and Parathion on Membrane Lipid Physicochemical Properties Correlate With Their Toxicity","volume":"1511","author":"Videira R. 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