{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:54:00Z","timestamp":1787504040096,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":329,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01AG026572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01AG026572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AG061897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AG061897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37AG053589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37AG053589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["A&D Transl Res & Clin Interv"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Establishing efficacy of and molecular pathways for statins has the potential to impact incidence of Alzheimer's and age\u2010related neurodegenerative diseases (NDD).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective cohort study surveyed US\u2010based Humana claims, which includes prescription and patient records from private\u2010payer and Medicare insurance. Claims from 288,515 patients, aged 45 years and older, without prior history of NDD or neurological surgery, were surveyed for a diagnosis of NDD starting 1 year following statin exposure. Patients were required to be enrolled with claims data for at least 6 months prior to first statin prescription and at least 3 years thereafter. Computational system biology analysis was conducted to determine unique target engagement for each statin.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Of the 288,515 participants included in the study, 144,214 patients (mean [standard deviation (SD)] age, 67.22 [3.8] years) exposed to statin therapies, and 144,301 patients (65.97 [3.2] years) were not treated with statins. The mean (SD) follow\u2010up time was 5.1 (2.3) years.\u00a0Exposure to statins was associated with a lower incidence of Alzheimer's disease (1.10%\u00a0vs 2.37%; relative risk [RR], 0.4643; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44\u20130.49;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001), dementia 3.03%\u00a0vs 5.39%; RR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.54\u20130.58;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001), multiple sclerosis (0.08%\u00a0vs 0.15%; RR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41\u20130.66;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001), Parkinson's disease (0.48%\u00a0vs 0.92%; RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.48\u20130.58;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (0.02%\u00a0vs 0.05%; RR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.30\u20130.69;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001). All NDD incidence for all statins, except for fluvastatin (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.65\u20101.30;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.71), was reduced with variances in individual risk profiles. Pathway analysis indicated unique and common profiles associated with risk reduction efficacy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Benefits and risks of statins relative to neurological outcomes should be considered when prescribed for at\u2010risk NDD populations.\u00a0Common statin activated pathways indicate overarching systems required for risk reduction whereas unique targets could advance a precision medicine approach to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T10:33:31Z","timestamp":1606300411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Statin therapy and risk of Alzheimer's and age\u2010related neurodegenerative diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Georgina","family":"Torrandell\u2010Haro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovation in Brain Science University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory L.","family":"Branigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovation in Brain Science University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson Arizona USA"},{"name":"MD\u2010PhD Training Program University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovation in Brain Science University of Arizona Tucson Arizona USA"},{"name":"Department of 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