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However, studies have mostly utilized surveys without AD biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the Tobago Health Study (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 309; 109 women, mean age 70.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.6), we assessed sex differences and risk factors for serum levels of phosphorylated tau\u2010181 (p\u2010tau181), amyloid\u2010beta (A\u03b2)42\/40 ratio, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL). Blood samples were from 2010 to 2013 for men and from 2019 to 2023 for women.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women were more obese, hypertensive, and sedentary but reported less smoking and alcohol use than men (age\u2010adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.04). Compared to men, women had worse levels of AD biomarkers, with higher p\u2010tau181 and lower A\u03b242\/40, independent of covariates (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In sex\u2010stratified analyses, higher p\u2010tau181 was associated with older age in women and with hypertension in men. GFAP and NfL did not differ by sex.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women had worse AD biomarkers than men, unexplained by age, cardiometabolic diseases, or lifestyle. Studying risk factors for AD in PAA is warranted, especially for women earlier in life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T07:00:25Z","timestamp":1712905225000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers in a Caribbean population of African ancestry: The Tobago Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0909-1506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Rosano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas K.","family":"Karikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Cvejkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Bellaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela C. 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