{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:34:15Z","timestamp":1791815655324,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":34,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM109025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM109025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIA R35AG71476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA R35AG71476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIA R25AG083721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIA R25AG083721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG084250 R56AG074001 U01AG073323 R01AG066707 R01AG076448 R01AG082118 RF1AG082211 R21AG083003 R35AG71476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG084250 R56AG074001 U01AG073323 R01AG066707 R01AG076448 R01AG082118 RF1AG082211 R21AG083003 R35AG71476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1NS133812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1NS133812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["A&amp;amp;D Transl Res &amp;amp; Clin Interv"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Discovery and development of new therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are urgently needed to address the world's growing population of individuals on the AD pathophysiological continuum.\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/Clinicaltrials.gov\">Clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      is a resource for studying drugs in development for treatment of AD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are currently 158 drugs in 192 AD trials. Of the agents in trials, 39% are small molecule disease targeting therapies (DTTs); 34% are biologic DTTs; 18% are cognition enhancing symptom targeted therapies (STTs); and 10% are STTs being developed to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD. Currently active trials require 54,728 participants of which 38,417 are in Phase 3. The biopharmaceutical industry sponsors 59% of AD trials including 72% of Phase 3 trials. Repurposed drugs represent 35% of the drugs in trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The AD drug development pipeline has a growing number of trials and drugs in trials. A diverse array of AD pathophysiological processes is being addressed by drugs in trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.70251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T11:00:18Z","timestamp":1777978818000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: 2026"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chambers\u2010Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"},{"name":"Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yadi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chambers\u2010Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"},{"name":"Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Howard R Hughes College of Engineering, Department of Computer Science University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Leisgang","family":"Osse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chambers\u2010Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"},{"name":"Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)  Las Vegas Nevada USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feixiong","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Genome Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurot.2025.e00570"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.3810"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: 2025","volume":"11","author":"Cummings J","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: 2024","volume":"10","author":"Cummings J","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-025-01165-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56690-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00043.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013779"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; 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