{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:01:08Z","timestamp":1790402468701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":51,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001658","name":"Minerva Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3158329500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3158329500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001658","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["A&amp;D Transl Res &amp; Clin Interv"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>Most persons living with dementia (PLwD) reside in community settings, which has driven the development of a wide range of home\u2010based activity interventions. However, the external validity of these studies remains uncertain because the representativeness of study samples is rarely reported. Assessing representativeness is essential for estimating intervention reach and informing health equity and resource allocation decisions. This review evaluates the extent to which participants in home\u2010based activity trials reflect the population of community\u2010dwelling PLwD and identifies sources of selection bias.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>A targeted review was conducted using three complementary strategies: analyses of two prior systematic reviews, a PubMed search (2020 to 2025), and a review of relevant follow\u2010up publications. Inclusion was limited to peer\u2010reviewed studies that reported detailed recruitment flowcharts and screening data and had initial recruitment pools exceeding 70 participants.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The review revealed that most studies provided limited detail on participant selection and frequently initiated recruitment reporting only after caregiver\u2013care recipient dyads had already been assembled. Among the nine studies included, the mean refusal rate among eligible individuals was 57%. In addition, only 24% of initial referrals, on average, completed the first phase of an intervention. Primary barriers to participation included caregiver refusal, lack of an available caregiver\/facilitator, and health\u2010related issues. Based on these observed recruitment flows and pre\u2010selection processes, home\u2010based intervention models are estimated to reach fewer than 20% of the target population.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that home\u2010based activity interventions for PLwD are applicable to only a limited segment of the intended population. This \u201crepresentativeness gap\u201d appears largely attributable to reliance on facilitator\u2013care recipient dyads, which inherently excludes the growing number of PLwD living alone and fails to account for the substantial burdens experienced by primary caregivers. Future research should prioritize the development and evaluation of alternative models, such as technology\u2010assisted and community\u2010supported approaches, to enhance scalability, inclusiveness, and equity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.70310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T08:15:40Z","timestamp":1787300140000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors affecting representativeness in home\u2010based dementia activity interventions: a literature review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0209-7304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiska","family":"Cohen\u2010Mansfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion School of Public Health Gray Faculty of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468\u20102667(21)00249\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12901"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnz176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.846271"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07334648241245527"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Home\u2010based exercise intervention for caregivers of persons with dementia: a randomised controlled trial: abridged secondary publication","volume":"26","author":"Chan WC","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hong Kong Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532\u20105415.2011.03519.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102224"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta19640"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2020.1845299"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2023.101079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251393479"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2012.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igae005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211002729"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102318\u201013\u201089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-18377-0_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S95789"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.15.2015"}],"container-title":["Alzheimer's &amp; Dementia: Translational Research &amp; Clinical Interventions"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/trc2.70310","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/trc2.70310","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/trc2.70310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T05:51:56Z","timestamp":1790401916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/trc2.70310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/trc2.70310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/trc2.70310","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-8737","2352-8737"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-8737","type":"print"},{"value":"2352-8737","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70310"}}