{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T12:37:28Z","timestamp":1766579848629,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic constipation (CC) is a major public health condition and CC management remains challenging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the CC (and subtypes) prevalence in a Southern Europe Mediterranean country using Rome IV criteria, and to assess related factors, toilet and healthcare seeking behaviours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional epidemiological survey, conducted in general community and representing the Portuguese population according to sex and age. The questionnaire covered bowel habits, factors potentially associated with CC (demographic, health\/lifestyle, toilet behaviours) and data regarding healthcare seeking.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the study data of 1950 individuals were analyzed. The answer rate was 68% and 1335 questionnaires were available for calculation. The CC prevalence was 17.8%, with respectively 9.3% of Functional Constipation (FC) and 8.5% of Irritable Bowel Syndrome \u2013 subtype constipation (IBS\u2010C). The likelihood of constipation was significantly higher in younger (OR 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.007\u20131.031), solo (OR 2.48; 95% CI, 1.7\u20133.47) and low\u2010income (OR 2.40; 95% CI, 1.77\u20133.47) individuals. Constipated individuals spent more time at defecation, longer than 5\u00a0min (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001), and had particular toilet behaviours (absence of a morning pattern [<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008], the use of triggers [<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001] and reading\/technological material [<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.006]) to facilitate the evacuation. Only 39% of affected individuals sought medical advice, mainly IBS\u2010C patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.018).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic constipation seems to impact 1 in each 5 Portuguese. Constipated patients are younger, solo, less active and with low income. They develop a clear toilet behaviour profile. FC and IBS\u2010C patients assume particular behaviours.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T08:40:00Z","timestamp":1647938400000},"page":"376-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Constipation: Prevalence in the Portuguese community using Rome IV\u2014Associated factors, toilet behaviours and healthcare seeking"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4349-3672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana C\u00e9lia","family":"Caetano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Hospital of Braga  Braga Portugal"},{"name":"School of Medicine Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho  Braga Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B's\u2010PT Government Associate Laboratory  Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es 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