{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T22:51:59Z","timestamp":1787957519769,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012416","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Digitalisierung und Wirtschaftsstandort","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010132","name":"\u00d6sterreichische Nationalstiftung f\u00fcr Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006012","name":"Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Portal hypertension (PH) resulting from static and dynamic intrahepatic changes drives liver\u2010related complications even after removing the underlying aetiological factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the impact of inflammation on the dynamic component of PH during disease regression in animal models of toxin\u2010induced cirrhosis and patients with alcohol\u2010related cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In mice, cirrhosis was induced via toxin application for 12\u00a0weeks followed by toxin\u2010withdrawal allowing for one or 2\u00a0weeks of regression. Furthermore, 128 patients with alcohol\u2010related cirrhosis and alcohol abstinence undergoing same\u2010day hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were included. The influence of inflammation on the dynamic PH component was assessed using linear models. Specifically, we explored proinflammatory changes in mice\/patients in whom the measured portal pressure (PP)\/HVPG was significantly higher than the PP\/HVPG expected from the static PH component (histological collagen proportionate area [CPA; %] in mice, LSM in patients).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In mice, toxin discontinuation induced a significant decrease in PP, CPA, histological hepatic inflammation and hepatic expression of proinflammatory genes (<jats:italic>Tnfa<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Il6<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cxcl1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Mcp1<\/jats:italic>; all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05 for one\/2\u00a0week regression vs. peak disease). Similarly, prolonged abstinence in alcohol\u2010related cirrhosis was linked to lower HVPG\/LSM and longer abstinence was correlated to lower C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), IL\u20106, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG levels (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Nevertheless, the persistence of a low\u2010grade proinflammatory state during regression was linked to a higher PP\/HVPG than expected from static PH components. In regressive mice, higher hepatic proinflammatory gene expression (<jats:italic>Tnfa<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Il6<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Il1b<\/jats:italic>; all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) was linked to higher\u2010than\u2010expected PP. Similarly, higher CRP, IL\u20106, IgA and IgG and lower complement factor C3c (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) were associated with higher\u2010than\u2010expected HVPG in abstinent patients with alcohol\u2010related cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although removing the underlying aetiological factor resulted in significant improvements, a persistent hepatic proinflammatory environment remained a key driver of the dynamic PH component in regressive liver disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial number<\/jats:title><jats:p>NCT03267615.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T15:40:11Z","timestamp":1734795611000},"page":"317-329","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Inflammation remains a dynamic component of portal hypertension in regressive alcohol\u2010related cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3403-3372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt Silvester","family":"Hofer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Lab for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8181-9146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedikt","family":"Simbrunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic 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Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Lab for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksandr","family":"Petrenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Lab for Portal Hypertension and Liver Fibrosis Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2313-7881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad","family":"Taru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine III Medical University of Vienna  Vienna 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