{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:50:38Z","timestamp":1790805038316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,8]],"date-time":"2024-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Predicting the treatment outcomes of biological therapies is an unmet need in Crohn's Disease. In this study, we explored the potential of serum neutrophil\u2010related biomarkers to predict infliximab therapeutic results and disease progression in Crohn's Disease patients, over a 2\u2010year period, in a real\u2010world setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 100 asymptomatic Crohn's Disease patients in the IFX maintenance phase from the prospective, observational, multicenter DIRECT study. Patients were categorized according to a composite outcome reflecting progression that included surgery, hospitalizations, new fistulae, abscess or stricture, and drug treatment escalation. Serum neutrophil elastase, lipocalin\u20102, lactoferrin, and resistin (non\u2010neutrophil control) were analyzed via multiplex magnetic bead assays at multiple touchpoints. Fecal calprotectin was assessed by ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over up to 2\u00a0years of follow\u2010up, serum biomarkers did not differentiate between the composite outcome groups, whereas fecal calprotectin was significantly higher in patients with worse outcomes. During the infliximab maintenance phase, there was a significant, sustained reduction of neutrophil elastase (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), lipocalin\u20102 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and lactoferrin (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), but not of resistin, despite stable neutrophil levels. Correlations between NE and NGAL levels were strong (Pearson correlations 0.75\u20130.85); all other correlations were of small magnitude.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our real\u2010world data do not support using serum neutrophil elastase, lipocalin\u20102, or lactoferrin concentrations as predictors of treatment outcomes or disease evolution in infliximab \u2010treated Crohn's Disease patients. On the other hand, the sustained decrease in biomarkers over time suggests that neutrophil stabilization might be an additional infliximab mechanism of action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T02:05:24Z","timestamp":1733709924000},"page":"229-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum Neutrophil Biomarkers to Predict Crohn's Disease Progression and Infliximab Treatment Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Magalhaes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Biomedicine Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research)  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"GEDII (Portuguese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group)  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Patita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Garcia da Orta Hospital  Almada Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Arroja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Braga Hospital  Braga Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Porto Hospital University Centre  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2953-5987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology IPOLFG EPE  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6626-205X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H. T.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve\u2014Portim\u00e3o Hospital  Portim\u00e3o Portugal"},{"name":"ABC\u2014Algarve Biomedical Center University of Algarve  Faro Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ministro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Viseu\u2010Tondela Hospital Centre  Viseu Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Mocanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Garcia da Orta Hospital  Almada Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Garcia da Orta Hospital  Almada Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Castela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology IPOLFG EPE  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Moleiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology IPOLFG EPE  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5098-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Roseira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade do Algarve\u2014Portim\u00e3o Hospital  Portim\u00e3o Portugal"},{"name":"ABC\u2014Algarve Biomedical Center University of Algarve  Faro Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Eugenia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Viseu\u2010Tondela Hospital Centre  Viseu Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9009-9635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Viseu\u2010Tondela Hospital Centre  Viseu Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Portela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Coimbra Hospital University Centre  Coimbra Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Northern Lisbon University Hospital Centre  Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GEDII (Portuguese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group)  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department of Biomedicine Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Porto  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7341-1351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Danese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University  Milan Italy"},{"name":"IBD Center Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2536-6618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Peyrin\u2010Biroulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Inserm NGERE U1256 University Hospital of Nancy University of Lorraine  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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