{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:23:24Z","timestamp":1792027404719,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007385","name":"Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio in Bologna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007385","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) pandemic has highlighted the potential exacerbation of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with disorders of gut\u2010brain interaction (DGBIs). However, the distinct symptom trajectories and psychological burden in patients with post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBIs compared with patients with pre\u2010existing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)\/functional dyspepsia (FD) and non\u2010DGBI controls remain poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the long\u2010term gastrointestinal symptom progression and psychological comorbidities in patients with post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBI, patients with pre\u2010existing IBS\/FD and non\u2010DGBI controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This post hoc analysis of a prospective multicenter cohort study reviewed patient charts for demographic data and medical history. Participants completed the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale at four time points: baseline, 1, 6, and 12\u00a0months, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 6 and 12\u00a0months. The cohort was divided into three groups: (1) post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBIs (2) non\u2010DGBI, and (3) pre\u2010existing IBS\/FD, with the post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBIs group compared to the latter two control groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 599 eligible patients, 27 (4.5%) were identified as post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBI. This group experienced worsening abdominal pain, hunger pain, heartburn, and acid regurgitation, unlike symptom improvement or stability in non\u2010DGBI controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 for all symptoms, except hunger pain,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.001). While patients with pre\u2010existing IBS\/FD improved in most gastrointestinal symptoms but worsened in constipation and incomplete evacuation, patients with post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBI exhibited consistent symptom deterioration across multiple gastrointestinal domains. Anxiety and depression remained unchanged in patients with post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBI, contrasting with significant reductions in controls (non\u2010DGBI:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.003 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.057; pre\u2010existing IBS\/FD:\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.019 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.007, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019 infection is associated with the development of newly diagnosed DGBIs and distinct symptom trajectories when compared with patients with pre\u2010existing IBS\/FD. Patients with post\u2010COVID\u201019 DGBI experience progressive gastrointestinal symptom deterioration and persistent psychological distress, underscoring the need for tailored management strategies for this unique subgroup.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T10:43:16Z","timestamp":1742726596000},"page":"798-818","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Long\u2010Term Impact of COVID\u201019 on Disorders of Gut\u2013Brain Interaction: Incidence, Symptom Burden, and Psychological Comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Marasco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8115-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keren","family":"Hod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Sciences School of Health Sciences Ariel University  Ariel Israel"},{"name":"Assuta Medical Centers  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0217-8780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Colecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7777-2936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesare","family":"Cremon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Raffaella","family":"Barbaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Cacciari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria di Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Falangone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical\u2010Surgical Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine University Sapienza  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kagramanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"A. 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