{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T10:03:19Z","timestamp":1779789799096,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020\u201002002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020\u201002002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to determine corticosteroid (CS) use in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD, &lt;\u00a018\u00a0years), which remains common despite recommendations for limited use and the emergence of steroid\u2010sparing therapies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a study of all children in Sweden diagnosed with CD (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02460) or UC (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a02470) in 2006\u20132022. Nationwide health registers provided annual individual\u2010level data on CS use, classified as any use and excess use (i.e.,\u00a0\u2265\u00a02 courses or \u2265\u00a03\u00a0months of use per year).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age at diagnosis was 13.7 (SD\u00a0=\u00a03.4) for CD and 13.9 (SD\u00a0=\u00a03.8) years for UC. In CD, the proportion of patients with any annual CS use decreased from 42.9% (2006) to 27.6% (2022;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), particularly for excess CS use (decreasing from 33.7% to 19.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Rates in UC remained largely unchanged, with any CS use at 41.0% in 2006 and 43.6% in 2022 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.43), while excess use was 32.4% in 2006 and 36.2% in 2022 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.21). Although any CS use was most common during the first year after diagnosis (CD: 63.8%, UC: 70.6%), annual rates stabilised only during the fourth (CD) and fifth (UC) years of diagnosis. Older age at diagnosis and prior IBD\u2010related hospitalisation were risk factors for excess CS use in both CD and UC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of CS in PIBD remains high, with annual rates showing no reduction in UC over the past more than 15\u00a0years, while a marked decline is observed in CD. Our data should inform strategies to reduce excess CS use in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:26:43Z","timestamp":1772998003000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Corticosteroid Use in Childhood\u2010Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study (2006\u20132022)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2285-8713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karl","family":"M\u00e5rild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Institute of Clinical Sciences Sahlgrenska Academy  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Queen Silvia Children's Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6956-7676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mikkel","family":"Malham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Amager Hvidovre Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"},{"name":"Copenhagen Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children Adolescents and Adults Copenhagen University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1465-0963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petter","family":"Malmborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education S\u00f6dersjukhuset Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"S\u00f6derling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mads Damsgaard","family":"Wewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children Adolescents and Adults Copenhagen University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"},{"name":"Gastro Unit, Medical Division University Hospital Copenhagen Amager and Hvidovre Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vibeke","family":"Wewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children Adolescents and Adults Copenhagen University Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"SWIBREG Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5855-9873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Raine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust  Cambridge UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Burisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastro Unit, Medical Division University Hospital Copenhagen Amager and Hvidovre Hospital  Hvidovre Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5478-7019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ola","family":"Ol\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm 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