{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:03:44Z","timestamp":1787889824381,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction\u2010associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been linked to an increased risk of serious infection, but the impact of in utero exposure to maternal MASLD on the risk of infection in offspring remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This nationwide cohort study included all singleton live born offspring exposed in utero to maternal biopsy\u2010proven MASLD (1992\u20132017) in Sweden. Offspring born to mothers with MASLD (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0239) were matched with up to five reference offspring (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01131) of mothers without MASLD by maternal age at delivery, calendar year of delivery, and parity. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for incident serious infection up until 2023. Results were also stratified by maternal histological severity of MASLD (simple steatosis vs. severe MASLD including steatohepatitis, any stage of liver fibrosis or cirrhosis).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a median of 16.7\u00a0years of follow\u2010up, 56 incident serious infections occurred in MASLD offspring (incidence rate [IR] 15.8\/1000 person\u2010years) and 140 incident serious infections occurred in reference offspring (IR 7.4\/1000 person\u2010years), which corresponded to an aHR of 1.81 (95% CI 1.23\u20132.68). The aHRs for incident serious infection were similar to offspring of mothers with simple steatosis and severe MASLD (1.97 vs. 1.70). This association was primarily explained by early\u2010life infections (1\u2010year aHR 3.11, 95% CI 1.74\u20135.58), with severe MASLD potentially being a major factor in the observed association during the first year. Results remained consistent across subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal MASLD, even simple steatosis, is associated with a higher hazard of serious offspring infection, highlighting the need for closer monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T16:35:52Z","timestamp":1767976552000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Higher Risk of Serious Infection in Offspring of Mothers With Biopsy\u2010Proven MASLD: A Nationwide Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4688-8223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carole A.","family":"Marxer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahim","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Digestive Health Care Center Basel\u2014Clarunis  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-684X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiangwei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8474-1759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannes","family":"Hagstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatology Department of Upper GI Diseases Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Thuresson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Statisticon AB  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1528-4563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olof","family":"Stephansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Solna Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Women's Health Division of Obstetrics Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1024-5602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas F.","family":"Ludvigsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics \u00d6rebro University Hospital  \u00d6rebro Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/J.GASTRO.2019.11.312"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1365\u20102036.2011.04724.X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/DC06\u20102247"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/CMH.2021.0205"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.2015.5370"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CGH.2023.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/LIV.15680"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0215326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/LIV.12902"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHEP.2020.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/AJG.2016.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/JIM\u20102019\u2010001186"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/CLINEM\/DGAC567"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2024.2365791"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/J.GASTRO.2020.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/AJG.0000000000001590"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.ECLINM.2025.103238"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00431\u2010023\u201005044\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.70174"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/LIV.70233"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.940937"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD\u20102019\u2010318001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(12)60560\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S191914"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S499859"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10654\u2010009\u20109350\u2010Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/HEP.31726"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/GUTJNL\u20102020\u2010322786"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHEP.2023.08.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","unstructured":"Svensk F\u00f6rening f\u00f6r Patologi \u201cSvensk F\u00f6rening F\u00f6r Klinisk Cytologi \u201d Accessed April 4 2019 https:\/\/www.svfp.se\/foreningar\/uploads\/L15178\/kvast\/lever\/Leverbiopsier2019.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/SIM.2712"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.11.972"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/AJI.70041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/CID\/CIAA783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/AJE\/KWK064"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010devpsych\u2010121318\u2010084804"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31559"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S10654\u2010022\u201000947\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JHEP.2025.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/S12887\u2010019\u20101693\u20102"}],"container-title":["United European Gastroenterology Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ueg2.70163","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ueg2.70163","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ueg2.70163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T09:14:09Z","timestamp":1779786849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ueg2.70163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ueg2.70163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ueg2.70163","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2050-6406","2050-6414"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2050-6406","type":"print"},{"value":"2050-6414","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"article-number":"e70163"}}