{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:55:20Z","timestamp":1786978520049,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis cause substantial mortality and morbidity, yet their joint global burden, epidemiology and determinants are rarely assessed together. We quantified their joint incidence burden, identified co\u2010occurrence patterns, and examined shared risk exposures across countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence rates for both diseases among adults aged \u2265 25\u00a0years across 204 countries and territories were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. Temporal trends were assessed through estimated annual percent changes (EAPC). Country\u2010level co\u2010occurrence clusters were identified using Gaussian mixture modeling. Random forest models with Shapley additive explanations were used to investigate associated risk exposures. Non\u2010seasonal time\u2010series models were used to forecast incidence to 2040.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High\u2010income countries predominantly clustered as dual\u2010high for both conditions and showed modest to rapidly increasing incidence, whereas most sub\u2010Saharan African countries were dual\u2010low and largely stable. Many middle\u2010SDI (Sociodemographic index) settings remained low but increased moderately over time. Smoking, alcohol use, high body\u2010mass index, and diets high in red and processed meat were shared risk factors, with higher exposure levels in high\u2010SDI regions. Projections indicate that pancreatic cancer incidence will continue to rise globally through 2040, driven mainly by high\u2010 and high\u2010middle SDI regions, while pancreatitis incidence will remain comparatively stable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Co\u2010occurrence of pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis follows a strong sociodemographic gradient that parallels the distribution of modifiable risk exposures. Integrated strategies combining targeted surveillance with lifestyle and metabolic risk reduction are needed to mitigate the growing joint burden of pancreatic diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T11:03:47Z","timestamp":1774609427000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Joint Global Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer and Pancreatitis: Co\u2010Occurrence Patterns, Shared Risk Factors, and Projections to 2040"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Laiang","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Linyi People's Hospital  Linyi Shandong China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California  Irvine California 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