{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:56:52Z","timestamp":1790603812439,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["848016005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["848016005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent disorder of gut\u2010brain interaction (DGBI) and is associated with substantial impact on health care utilisation. However, analyses examining patient\u2010specific characteristics that contribute to this burden remain limited. This study assessed the economic burden of patients with FD and examined patient\u2010specific characteristics related to costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who had been recruited for a randomised controlled trial completed several questionnaires. Health care utilisation and productivity losses were measured using the iMTA Medical Consumption Questionnaire and Productivity Cost Questionnaire. Participants also completed the EuroQol 5\u2010Dimension 5\u2010Level, Nepean Dyspepsia Index, Generalised Anxiety Disorder\u20107, and Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109. Non\u2010parametric bootstrapping was applied to calculate the mean annual costs. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify patient\u2010specific characteristics associated with costs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were obtained from 73 participants (median age 39\u00a0years; 75% female). Mean annual total costs accounted for \u20ac12,192 (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles, \u20ac1125 to \u20ac36,369), of which \u20ac10,240 (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles, \u20ac0 to \u20ac34,771) were indirect costs. Higher disease\u2010specific quality of life (QoL) was associated with lower annual total costs (regression slope\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212\u20ac4726 per 0.1\u2010point increase in QoL; 95% CI, \u2212\u20ac7636 to \u2212\u20ac1815;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.002), while symptom severity, generic health\u2010related QoL or scores for anxiety or depression were not significantly associated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with poorer disease\u2010specific QoL, but not necessarily those with more severe symptoms or higher scores for anxiety and depression, are particularly likely to incur higher annual costs. Understanding the nature of costs and associated patient characteristics is essential for enabling more targeted strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The TENDER trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov under NCT03652571 on August 17, 2018.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:02:16Z","timestamp":1785412936000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Characterising the Economic Burden of Functional Dyspepsia: A Cost\u2010of\u2010Illness Study of Direct and Indirect Costs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Daan H. C. A.","family":"Bosch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical Centre+  Maastricht the Netherlands"},{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte A. B.","family":"Essers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KEMTA Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment Maastricht University Medical Centre+  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham B.","family":"Beckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical Centre+  Maastricht the Netherlands"},{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3582-2966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna T. W.","family":"Snijkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Maastricht University Medical Centre+  Maastricht the Netherlands"},{"name":"NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjorn","family":"Winkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Methodology and Statistics Maastricht University  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad A. 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