{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T13:56:57Z","timestamp":1790603817339,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010721","name":"Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Incorporated","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007343","name":"Shire","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007343","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007819","name":"Allergan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016469","name":"Takeda Pharmaceuticals International","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016469","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["UEG Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on the global prevalence of alarm features in the general population and among individuals with disorders of gut\u2013brain interaction (DGBI) are limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed data from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study to estimate the prevalence of fourteen self\u2010reported alarm features in the global population and among individuals with Rome IV defined DGBI, including 54,127 participants from 26 countries. Differences between participants with and without DGBI were evaluated in a sample excluding those with self\u2010reported organic gastrointestinal disease, using univariable logistic regression. Analyses were stratified by age (&lt;\u00a050 vs.\u00a0\u2265\u00a050\u00a0years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alarm features were reported by 63.1% of participants aged &lt;\u00a050\u00a0years and 51.8% of those aged \u2265\u00a050\u00a0years. Individual self\u2010reported alarm features ranged from 0.9% to 18.3% in younger participants to 0.3%\u201313.3% in older participants. Haematemesis was the least frequently reported feature, while a major change in bowel movements was the most frequent in both age groups. Self\u2010reported alarm features were more frequent among participants with than without DGBI (&lt;\u00a050\u00a0years: 75.3% vs. 50.7%; OR 3.0 [2.8\u20133.1]; \u2265\u00a050\u00a0years: 67.5% vs. 38.8%; OR 3.3 [3.1\u20133.5]). Participants with DGBI were also more likely to report multiple alarm features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self\u2010reported alarm features are common in the general population and more prevalent among individuals with DGBI. These findings underscore the importance of interpreting alarm features within a broader clinical context rather than in isolation. Further studies are needed to clarify the diagnostic utility of alarm features in unselected populations, particularly among individuals with DGBI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.70269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T10:49:11Z","timestamp":1785322151000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Global Prevalence of Self\u2010Reported Alarm Features in the General Population and Among Individuals With Disorders of Gut\u2013Brain Interaction\u2014Results From the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3946-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Sj\u00f6lund","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0078-3063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00f3hann P.","family":"Hreinsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4121-7970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian E.","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2117-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"T\u00f6rnblom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3111-0689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shrikant I.","family":"Bangdiwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olafur S.","family":"Palsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Functional GI &amp; Motility Disorders University of North Carolina\u2013Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7634-3689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ami D.","family":"Sperber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Ben\u2010Gurion University of the Negev  Beer\u2010Sheva Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Simren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Functional GI &amp; Motility Disorders University of North Carolina\u2013Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"NICE guideline. 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