{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:15:50Z","timestamp":1791274550268,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,17]],"date-time":"2012-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to estimate the rate of malignancy in adnexal lesions described as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound examination and to investigate if there are differences in clinical and ultrasound characteristics between benign and malignant unilocular cysts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3511 patients with an adnexal mass underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination between 1999 and 2007. Sonologists used the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis terms and definitions to describe their ultrasound findings. Only masses operated on within 120\u2009\u2009days after the ultrasound examination were included in the analysis and the histopathological diagnosis of the mass was used as the gold standard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 3511 masses, 1148 (33%) were classified as unilocular cysts on ultrasound. Of these, 11 (0.96% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.48\u20131.71)) were malignant. The malignancy rate was lower in premenopausal than in postmenopausal women: 0.54% (5\/931; 95% CI, 0.17\u20131.25) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 2.76% (6\/217; 95% CI, 1.02\u20135.92); <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009. More patients with malignant unilocular cysts had a personal history of breast cancer (18% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) or ovarian cancer (18% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 0.6%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Hemorrhagic cyst contents on ultrasound were more common in malignant than in benign unilocular cysts (18% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). In seven of the 11 malignancies judged to be unilocular cysts at scan, papillary projections or other solid components were seen at macroscopic inspection of the surgical specimen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The malignancy rate in surgically removed adnexal lesions judged to be unilocular cysts at transvaginal scan is <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic> 1%. Postmenopausal status, personal history of breast or ovarian cancer and hemorrhagic cyst contents on ultrasound increase the risk of malignancy. To avoid misclassifying adnexal lesions as unilocular cysts at scan, it is important to scrutinize unilocular cysts for the presence of solid components. Copyright \u00a9 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,24]],"date-time":"2012-09-24T08:57:17Z","timestamp":1348477037000},"page":"80-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Risk of malignancy in unilocular cysts: a study of 1148 adnexal masses classified as unilocular cysts at transvaginal ultrasound and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Valentin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Malm\u00f6 Lund University  Malmo, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Ameye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT) SCD\u2010SISTA  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"IBBT Future Health Department  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Preventive Gynecology Unit, Division of Gynecology European Institute of Oncology  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Guerriero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio University of Cagliari  Cagliari Sardinia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Jurkovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University College Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Savelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Early Pregnancy Ultrasound Unit, S. Orsola\u2010Malpighi Hospital University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Fischerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecological Oncology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology First Faculty of Medicine and General Faculty Hospital of Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lissoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Ospedale S. 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