{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:01:46Z","timestamp":1791223306627,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the outcome of pregnancies with documented fetal cytomegalovirus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection with and without abnormal findings on ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective cohort study of pregnant women with documented fetal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> infection, vertical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> transmission occurred during the first and second trimesters following primary maternal infection. Patients underwent serial prenatal ultrasound scans and fetal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>. All neonates underwent ocular fundus examination, ultrasound brain scan and hearing evaluation, and were then followed periodically by a pediatrician.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> infection occurred during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in 71 and 74 patients, respectively. Seven patients (4.8%) decided to terminate pregnancy because of prenatal findings and one neonate died because of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> complications. Patients with first\u2010trimester infection had infants with significantly more associated sequelae (either auditory damage or neurodevelopmental disabilities) than did patients with second\u2010trimester infection (19.7% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 5.6%, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). Abnormal prenatal findings on ultrasound examination were associated with increased risk of sequelae. When both ultrasound and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings were normal, the rate of sequelae was decreased to 15.6% for first\u2010trimester infections and to 2.0% for second\u2010trimester infections, partial hearing loss being the sequela in most cases. In the presence of abnormal ultrasound and\/or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings the risk was 25% and 16%, respectively, and in most cases the sequelae were deafness and neurodevelopmental delay. The rate of intrauterine growth restriction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content>) in the study group was 11.7% and was not affected by the time of onset of maternal infection. Isolated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IUGR<\/jats:styled-content> was not associated with increased risk of sequelae.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk of sequelae is higher following first\u2010than second\u2010trimester <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CMV<\/jats:styled-content> infection. However, the risk of severe sequelae is significantly reduced in the presence of normal prenatal ultrasound and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> findings. Copyright \u00a9 2013 ISUOG. 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