{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T08:12:09Z","timestamp":1790323929886,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,10]],"date-time":"2013-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>To assess the usability of virtual\u2010reality (VR<\/jats:styled-content>) simulation for obstetric ultrasound trainees.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Twenty\u2010six participants were recruited: 18 obstetric ultrasound trainees (with little formal ultrasonography training) and eight certified experts. All performed five sequential VR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010simulated crown\u2013rump length (CRL<\/jats:styled-content>) scans in a single session and three repetitions of biparietal diameter (BPD<\/jats:styled-content>), occipitofrontal diameter (OFD<\/jats:styled-content>) and femur length (FL<\/jats:styled-content>) measurements. Outcome measures included mean percentage deviation from target for all measurements. Time taken to perform each type of scan was recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The mean percentage difference for the first scan was significantly greater for the trainee group than for the expert group for BPD<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), OFD<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010) and FL<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008) and for time taken for the first CRL<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001) and fetal biometry (including BPD, OFD and FL measurements) scan (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001), demonstrating that trainees were initially significantly less accurate and less efficient. Over subsequent scans, the trainees became more accurate for all measurements with a significant improvement shown for OFD<\/jats:styled-content> and FL<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05). The time taken for trainees to complete CRL<\/jats:styled-content> and fetal biometry scans decreased significantly (all P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) with repetition, to near\u2010expert efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>All participants were able to use the simulator and produce clinically meaningful biometry results. With repetition, beginners quickly approached near\u2010expert levels of accuracy and speed. These data demonstrate that obstetricians with minimal experience can improve their ultrasonographic skills with short\u2010phase VR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010simulation training. The speed of improvement suggests that VR<\/jats:styled-content> simulation might be useful as a warm\u2010up exercise before clinical training sessions in order to reduce their impact on clinical service. Copyright \u00a9 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,10]],"date-time":"2013-01-10T07:03:33Z","timestamp":1357801413000},"page":"213-217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Usability of virtual\u2010reality simulation training in obstetric ultrasonography: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Burden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Women's Centre Gloucestershire NHS Hospitals Trust Gloucester UK"},{"name":"Research into Safety & Quality (RiSQ) Group, Department of Women's Health Southmead Hospital Bristol UK"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Bristol, School of Clinical Sciences Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Preshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Women's Centre Gloucestershire NHS Hospitals Trust Gloucester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of West England, Frenchay Campus Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. J.","family":"Draycott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research into Safety & Quality (RiSQ) Group, Department of Women's Health Southmead Hospital Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's Health Southmead Hospital Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Taunton & Somerset Hospital Taunton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","author":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG)","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trainees' survey"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Medical Education England (MEE)","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/pbm.2008.0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1802"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1997.10030174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13078.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"VR\u2010based training and assessment in ultrasound\u2010guided regional anesthesia: from error analysis to system design","volume":"163","author":"L\u00f6vquist E","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.09159"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"236","article-title":"Trauma training: virtual reality applications","volume":"81","author":"Kaufmann C","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fuog.12394","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.12394","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T05:54:12Z","timestamp":1696485252000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.12394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,10]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.12394"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.12394","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-08-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-11-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-07-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}