{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T07:32:26Z","timestamp":1794209546289,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]],"date-time":"2013-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in a cohort of primiparous women and to evaluate their association with demographic, obstetric and ultrasound parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective analysis of the ultrasound volume datasets of 320 primiparous women, acquired at 5 months postpartum. Tomographic ultrasound imaging (TUI) was used to evaluate the external anal sphincter (EAS). A significant EAS defect was diagnosed if a defect of &gt; 30\u00b0 was seen in four or more of six TUI slices bracketing the EAS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant EAS defects were found in 69 women (27.9% of those delivered vaginally). In nine of those a third\u2010degree tear was diagnosed intrapartum and was sutured. In 60 women with significant defects there was no documentation of sphincter damage at birth, implying unidentified or occult defects (60\/69, 87.0%). Among them, 29 had had a second\u2010degree tear, two a first\u2010degree tear and three an intact perineum. In 31 cases an episiotomy had been performed, with five extensions to a third\u2010degree tear. On multivariate analysis only forceps delivery was significantly associated with OASIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort of primiparous women we found OASIS in 27.9% of vaginally parous women, most of which had not been diagnosed in the delivery suite. There seems to be a need for better education of labor\u2010ward staff in the recognition of OASIS. On the other hand, it is conceivable that some defects may be masked by intact tissue. The significance of such defects remains doubtful. Forceps delivery was the only identifiable risk factor. Copyright \u00a9 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T18:14:53Z","timestamp":1365617693000},"page":"461-466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Prevalence of anal sphincter injury in primiparous women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"R. A.","family":"Guzm\u00e1n Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sydney Medical School Nepean University of Sydney Penrith Australia"},{"name":"Departamento de Ginecolog\u00eda y Obstetricia Facultad de Medicina, Cl\u00ednica Alemana \u2010 Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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