{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T20:31:15Z","timestamp":1792873875459,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]],"date-time":"2016-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the incidence of morbidly adherent placenta (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>) has risen progressively in the last two decades, there remains uncertainty about the diagnosis and management of this condition. The aim of this review is to provide up\u2010to\u2010date and evidence\u2010based answers to common clinical questions regarding the diagnosis and management of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>. Different risk factors have been associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>; however, previous Cesarean section and placenta previa are the most frequently associated. Ultrasound is the primary method for diagnosing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content> and has a good overall diagnostic accuracy for its detection. When considering the different ultrasound signs of MAP, color Doppler seems to provide the best diagnostic performance. Magnetic resonance imaging has the same accuracy in diagnosing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content> as does ultrasound examination; its use should be considered when a resective procedure, such as hysterectomy, is planned as it can provide detailed information about the topography of placental invasion and predict difficulties that may arise in surgery. The optimal gestational age for delivery in pregnancies with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content> is yet to be established; planning surgery between 35 and 36\u2009weeks of gestation provides the best balance between fetal maturity and the risk of unexpected episodes of heavy bleeding, which are more likely to occur with delivery after this timepoint, especially in severe cases of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>. The optimal surgical approach to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content> depends on multiple factors, including availability of an experienced team, specific surgical skills and hospital resources. Copyright \u00a9 2015 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T06:24:46Z","timestamp":1437459886000},"page":"290-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Counseling in fetal medicine: evidence\u2010based answers to clinical questions on morbidly adherent placenta"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"D'Antonio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Palacios\u2010Jaraquemada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC) University Hospital  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. S.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Abington Memorial Hospital  PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Forlani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Arnas Civico Hospital  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lanzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine Catholic University of the Sacred Heart  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Timor\u2010Tritsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Maternal\u2010Fetal Medicine New York University SOM  New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Cali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Arnas Civico Hospital  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000207559.15715.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70463-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","first-page":"31","article-title":"Placenta accreta: changing clinical aspects and outcome","volume":"56","author":"Read JA","year":"1980","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.12.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13194"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2011.01147.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1017\/S0965539507002057","article-title":"Morbid adherent placenta: prediction, diagnosis and management","volume":"18","author":"Palacios\u2010Jaraquemada JM","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fetal Matern Med Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2011.553695"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2008.27.11.1623"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000680"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13282"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1926"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.287085060"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6661(200011\/12)9:6<330::AID-MFM1002>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1995.05030198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_21_1","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Sonographic detection of placenta accreta in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy","volume":"2004","author":"Comstock CH","year":"1904","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2833"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2797"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1992.11.7.333","article-title":"Placenta accreta: prospective sonographic diagnosis in patients with placenta previa and prior cesarean section","volume":"117","author":"Finberg HJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.1992.11.1.29","article-title":"Placenta accreta. Additional sonographic observations","volume":"111","author":"Hoffman\u2010Tretin JC","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00018.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.205.3.9393534"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6284"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12385"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12451"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.784740"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.6858"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17772\/gp\/1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-008-0862-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12187"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2012.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_40_1","article-title":"Ultrasound predictors of placental invasion: the Placenta Accreta Index","volume":"212","author":"Rac MW","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2012.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2011.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2011.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5443"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2009.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2008.27.9.1275"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2006.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02841850410001114"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13327"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107155760200900108"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-3076-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2012.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181f3588d"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_55_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Urologic complications of placenta percreta invading the urinary bladder: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"61","author":"Washecka R","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hawaii Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70117-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67153-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767059309017249"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S35104"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)81425-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181d066d4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12295"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2014.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12138"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_66_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Uterine tamponade balloon for the management of massive hemorrhage during cesarean section due to placenta previa\/increta","volume":"39","author":"Vrachnis N","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_67_1","first-page":"263","volume-title":"A Comprehensive Textbook of Postpartum Hemorrhage: An Essential Clinical Reference for Effective Management","author":"Palacios\u2010Jaraquemada JM","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.61.208"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2008.00780.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.12186"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1002\/uog.17293","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]],"date-time":"2016-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475625600000}}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fuog.14950","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fuog.14950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.14950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T19:23:00Z","timestamp":1696360980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.14950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.14950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.14950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/uog.17293","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-03-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-07-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-03-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}