{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:58:08Z","timestamp":1786978688027,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]],"date-time":"2004-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main goals of this study were to introduce fractional thigh volume (TVol) as a new soft tissue parameter for fetal growth evaluation, define its relationship to menstrual age, and develop individualized fetal growth standards based on Rossavik growth models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A prospective, longitudinal study of 22 fetuses was conducted with conventional biometry and TVol measurements by three\u2010dimensional ultrasonography. Infant growth outcomes were determined from modified neonatal growth assessment scores. Rossavik functions (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      )\n                      <jats:sup>\n                        <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                        +\n                        <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                        (\n                        <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                        )\n                      <\/jats:sup>\n                      ) were used to fit complete datasets to examine relationships between TVol and model coefficients. Second\u2010trimester models were subsequently specified from the linear slopes of growth curves before 28.0 menstrual weeks with each fetus acting as its own control. Third\u2010trimester trajectories and birth measurements were predicted for standard growth parameters and TVol. Observed and predicted measurements were compared using percent deviations and growth potential realization index values. Four additional infants, with serial prenatal scans and postnatal evidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), were also evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All 22 fetuses had no evidence of growth abnormalities after delivery. Accelerated soft tissue deposition occurred in the fetal thigh by 28 menstrual weeks. A mean TVol start point of 9.0 \u00b1 1.4 menstrual weeks was consistent with embryological studies of thigh development. Rossavik functions fitted all TVol trajectories well (mean\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.998 \u00b1 0.002). By fixing the coefficient k at its mean value (2.976), the fit did not change and the variabilities of coefficients\n                      <jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                      were reduced. The mean percent deviation between observed and predicted third\u2010trimester TVol measurements was \u22120.048 \u00b1 7.5%. Relatively early pathological deviations were observed for TVol in all four fetuses with IUGR; in these cases the abdominal circumference was abnormal in only one fetus and thigh circumference in none.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individualized growth assessment can be used to accurately predict TVol during the third trimester of pregnancy and at birth. Expected growth trajectories, from second\u2010trimester data, do not rely on population\u2010based standards because each fetus serves as its own control. This new parameter may allow earlier detection and improved monitoring of fetal soft tissue abnormalities such as IUGR. Copyright \u00a9 2004 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.1779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]],"date-time":"2004-12-07T13:46:51Z","timestamp":1102427211000},"page":"766-774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Individualized growth assessment of fetal soft tissue using fractional thigh volume"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. L.","family":"Deter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"McNie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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