{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T15:27:10Z","timestamp":1758814030825},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,7]],"date-time":"2004-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1102377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the variation in the dimensions of the fetal renal pelvis in relation to the degree of bladder filling in fetuses with mild pyelectasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen third\u2010trimester pregnant women with mild uni\u2010 or bilateral fetal pyelectasis, defined as an anteroposterior (A\u2010P) diameter of the renal pelvis between 5 and 10 mm, were recruited for the study. The women were examined for 2\u20133 h by ultrasound. The A\u2010P and transverse dilatation of the renal pelvis and the bladder dimensions (to calculate fetal bladder volume) were measured at 2\u20133\u2010min intervals. Postnatally, all infants were investigated by ultrasound at 3\u20134 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 6\/18 fetuses a consistent relationship between the size of the renal pelvis and bladder filling was found, with a mean difference in renal pelvic diameter before and after voiding of 6.7 mm and a largest observed difference of 14.3 mm. In 12\/18 fetuses no such relationship was found. Postnatally, five infants were referred to a pediatric urologist. The investigations in these five infants could not confirm the hypothesis that variation in renal pelvic size in relation to bladder size may predict prenatal vesicoureteric reflux (VUR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In mild pyelectasis the size of the renal pelvis is highly variable in one\u2010third of cases. The association with bladder volume and micturition suggests evidence of VUR, but this could not be proven. If cut\u2010off values are used to differentiate between normal and abnormal renal pelvic size then not only gestational age but also the degree of bladder filling at the time of measurement should be taken into account. Caution should be expressed when the diagnosis of a possible urological anomaly is based on a single measurement during just one investigation. Copyright \u00a9 2004 ISUOG. 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