{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T10:12:37Z","timestamp":1776852757058,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]],"date-time":"2018-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To optimize the imaging assessment of fetal hindbrain malformations, this observational magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study aimed to assess whether fetal vermian lobulation can be quantified accurately and whether the relative growth of vermian lobules is uniform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included singleton fetuses which underwent T2\u2010weighted MRI <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> with a 1.5\u2010Tesla (T) scanner or within 24\u2009h postmortem with a 3\u2010T scanner between January 2007 and November 2016 at the Medical University of Vienna. We included only those showing normal structural brain development on ultrasound and MRI and which had image quality appropriate for quantitative analysis, i.e. good image quality and a precise midsagittal slice. Fetal brains were segmented and, for all discernible vermian lobules, we determined the mean relative area contribution (MRAC, the proportion of the lobule relative to the total vermian area, in terms of number of voxels). Inter\u2010 and intrarater measurement variability of a representative selection (21 cases) was determined by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for voxel\u2010based differences. A linear regression model was used to assess the correlation between the relative size of each vermian lobule (i.e. MRAC) and gestational age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 78 fetuses scanned <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> aged 18\u201332 gestational weeks and seven fetuses scanned postmortem aged 16\u201330\u2009weeks had a precise midsagittal slice and image quality sufficient for quantitative analysis. After 22\u2009weeks of gestation, seven of the nine known vermian lobules could be discriminated reliably. The MRAC showed a mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD difference of only 2.89\u2009\u00b1\u20093.01% between <jats:italic>in\u2010vivo<\/jats:italic> and postmortem measurements. The ICC of voxel\u2010based interrater differences was mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD, 0.91\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05 and the intrarater ICC was 0.95\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03. Growth of cerebellar lobules was non\u2010uniform: the MRAC of culmen and DFT (declive + folium + tuber) increased with gestational age, whereas that of lingula, centralis, pyramis and nodulus decreased. The growth of the uvula showed no significant correlation with gestational age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal vermian lobulation can be assessed accurately and reliably after 22\u2009weeks on precise midsagittal sequences with 1.5\u2010T T2\u2010weighted MRI. Fetal vermian lobules show non\u2010uniform growth, with expansion of DFT and culmen at the expense of the other vermian lobules. Evaluation and elucidation of vermian lobulation in normal fetuses should enable better characterization of fetuses with hindbrain malformations. Copyright \u00a9 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.18826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,7]],"date-time":"2017-08-07T04:26:35Z","timestamp":1502079995000},"page":"623-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prenatal assessment of cerebellar vermian lobulation: fetal MRI with 3\u2010Tesla postmortem validation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"G. O.","family":"Dovjak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. C.","family":"Brugger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy Medical University of Vienna  Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. 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