{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:14:19Z","timestamp":1791465259896,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify antenatal ultrasound markers that can differentiate between simple and complex gastroschisis and assess their predictive value.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective nationwide study of pregnancies with isolated fetal gastroschisis that underwent serial longitudinal ultrasound examination at regular specified intervals between 20 and 37\u2009weeks' gestation. The primary outcome was simple or complex (i.e. involving bowel atresia, volvulus, perforation or necrosis) gastroschisis at birth. Fetal biometry (abdominal circumference and estimated fetal weight), the occurrence of polyhydramnios, intra\u2010 and extra\u2010abdominal bowel diameters and the pulsatility index (PI) of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) were assessed. Linear mixed modeling was used to compare the individual trajectories of cases with simple and those with complex gastroschisis, and logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the strength of association between the ultrasound parameters and outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 104 pregnancies with isolated fetal gastroschisis included, four ended in intrauterine death. Eighty\u2010one (81%) liveborn infants with simple and 19 (19%) with complex gastroschisis were included in the analysis. We found no relationship between fetal biometric variables and complex gastroschisis. The SMA\u2010PI was significantly lower in fetuses with gastroschisis than in healthy controls, but did not differentiate between simple and complex gastroschisis. Both intra\u2010 and extra\u2010abdominal bowel diameters were larger in cases with complex, compared to those with simple, gastroschisis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.005, respectively). The presence of intra\u2010abdominal bowel diameter \u2265\u200997.7<jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup> percentile on at least three occasions, not necessarily on successive examinations, was associated with an increased risk of the fetus having complex gastroschisis (relative risk, 1.56 (95%\u2009CI, 1.02\u20132.10); <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006; positive predictive value, 50.0%; negative predictive value, 81.4%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This large prospective longitudinal study found that intra\u2010abdominal bowel dilatation when present repeatedly during fetal development can differentiate between simple and complex gastroschisis; however, the positive predictive value is low, and therefore the clinical usefulness of this marker is limited. \u00a9 2019 Authors. <jats:italic>Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<\/jats:italic> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.21888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T10:49:28Z","timestamp":1571136568000},"page":"776-785","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Ultrasound markers for prediction of complex gastroschisis and adverse outcome: longitudinal prospective nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8226-9000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. C. M. M.","family":"Lap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Division Woman and Baby University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. R.","family":"Pistorius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Stellenbosch  Stellenbosch South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. J. H.","family":"Mulder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Division Woman and Baby University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Aliasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Division Woman and Baby University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. L. M.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1894-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. M.","family":"Bilardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. E.","family":"Cohen\u2010Overbeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Pajkrt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Tibboel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care Children Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M. H.","family":"Wijnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery and Intensive Care Children Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. H. A.","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Division Woman and Baby University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. T. 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