{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T18:54:50Z","timestamp":1784055290169,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnancies conceived by frozen blastocyst transfer (FBT) have higher gestational age and weight at birth as compared to those derived by fresh blastocyst transfer. The aim of this study was to evaluate uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA\u2010PI) in pregnancies conceived by <jats:italic>in\u2010vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) techniques using fresh <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> cryopreserved blastocysts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective longitudinal study of viable singleton IVF\/ICSI pregnancies conceived after FBT or fresh blastocyst transfer, that underwent serial ultrasound assessment at San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy at 7\u201337 gestational weeks. We excluded pregnancies conceived using other assisted reproductive techniques such as egg donation, twin gestation, pregnancy with abnormality and those resulting in miscarriage. Pregnant women underwent ultrasound assessment at 7\u201310, 11\u201314, 18\u201325 and 26\u201337\u2009weeks' gestation. Mean UtA\u2010PI was measured using Doppler ultrasound according to The Fetal Medicine Foundation criteria. Pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The primary outcome was mean UtA\u2010PI measurement and secondary outcomes were gestational age at birth, birth weight and fetal and maternal complications, including small\u2010for\u2010gestational age (SGA), pre\u2010eclampsia and large\u2010for\u2010gestational age. UtA\u2010PI values were made Gaussian after log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> transformation. Analysis of repeated measures using a multilevel linear mixed model (fixed effects and random effects) was performed. The possible effect of other covariates on UtA\u2010PI Doppler values, including body mass index, SGA and pre\u2010eclampsia, was also evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 367 IVF\/ICSI cycles, comprising 164 with fresh blastocyst transfer and 203 with FBT, were included and a total of 625 observations (median, 2.5 (range, 1\u20134)) were collected and analyzed. The FBT group had on average 14% lower UtA\u2010PI compared with the fresh\u2010blastocyst\u2010transfer group. In pregnancies with SGA fetuses, UtA\u2010PI was 18% higher compared to pregnancies without, irrespective of the study group. Pregnancies that underwent fresh blastocyst transfer had significantly lower birth\u2010weight centile (43.4\u2009\u00b1\u200923.3 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 50.0\u2009\u00b1\u200923.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) and a higher rate of SGA (7.9% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 2.0%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008) compared to those that underwent FBT. No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to gestational age at birth and rates of preterm birth, pre\u2010eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and large\u2010for\u2010gestational age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>UtA\u2010PI and the proportion of SGA are lower in IVF\/ICSI pregnancies conceived after FBT as compared to fresh blastocyst transfer. Copyright \u00a9 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.21969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,7]],"date-time":"2020-01-07T11:16:37Z","timestamp":1578395797000},"page":"603-610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Uterine artery Doppler in singleton pregnancies conceived after <i>in\u2010vitro<\/i> fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh <i>vs<\/i> frozen blastocyst transfer: longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8097-366X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. 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