{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:48:22Z","timestamp":1792496902837,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop normative data for the left\u2010atrial posterior\u2010space\u2010to\u2010diagonal (LAPSD) ratio and post\u2010left atrium space (PLAS) index in fetuses from 17 to 37\u2009weeks' gestation, and determine the optimal cut\u2010offs of the LAPSD ratio and PLAS index to discriminate between normal fetuses and those with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a prospective cross\u2010sectional assessment of 428 structurally normal fetuses between 17 and 37\u2009weeks' gestation and a retrospective study of 27 TAPVC fetuses. The fetal LAPSD ratio was calculated by dividing the left atrium\u2013descending aorta distance (LDD) by the left atrial diagonal diameter (LA). The PLAS index was calculated as the ratio of the LDD to the descending aorta diameter (DA). Pearson's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of cardiac parameters with gestational age (GA) and fetal somatic growth. The PLAS index and LAPSD ratio were compared between the normal and TAPVC groups to assess their usefulness in the prenatal diagnosis of TAPVC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>LDD, LA and DA measures showed moderate to strong positive correlation, whereas both the LAPSD ratio and PLAS index showed a slight decrease with increasing GA and biometric variables. The fetal LAPSD ratio and PLAS index in TAPVC cases were significantly greater compared with those of fetuses with a normal heart (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There were no significant differences in the PLAS index and LAPSD ratio between the isolated and complex TAPVC groups (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091). No significant associations of the PLAS index and LAPSD ratio with fetal gender, four\u2010chamber view type (apical, basal or lateral) or TAPVC type were found. Using values of \u2265\u20090.35 for the LAPSD ratio and of \u2265\u20091 for the PLAS index exhibited similar excellent diagnostic performance, with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97.0% or 95.1% for detecting TAPVC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrates that the LAPSD ratio is a practical and effective screening tool for diagnosing fetal TAPVC, similar to the PLAS index. Incorporating these parameters into routine cardiac scanning may enhance the prenatal detection of TAPVC. \u00a9 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.26072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T19:19:11Z","timestamp":1663096751000},"page":"488-496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fetal left\u2010atrial posterior\u2010space\u2010to\u2010diagonal ratio at 17\u201337 weeks' gestation for prediction of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0529-2930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Anuwutnavin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Unalome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8144-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Rekhawasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Tongprasert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Thongkloung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.18907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2015-0147"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11093"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.04041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/ultra.15.08016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13357"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000503228"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"80","volume-title":"A practical guide to fetal echocardiography: normal and abnormal hearts","author":"Abuhamad A","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5409"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","volume-title":"Statistics in Medicine","author":"Colton T.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.15362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15756"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; 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