{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:19:13Z","timestamp":1790518753526,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]],"date-time":"2023-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010434","name":"\u201cla Caixa\u201d Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LCF\/PR\/GN14\/10270005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LCF\/PR\/GN14\/10270005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003030","name":"Ag\u00e8ncia de Gesti\u00f3 d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1531"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009989","name":"Instituto para la Formaci\u00f3n y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Humanos","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009989","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007061","name":"Secretar\u00eda Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["270\u20102017\u2010294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["270\u20102017\u2010294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the cortical maturation pattern in fetuses with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection with mild or no abnormalities on ultrasound (US) and MRI, and to establish possible differences compared with healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective case\u2013control study of consecutive pregnancies with a CMV\u2010infected fetus undergoing prenatal MRI as a complementary diagnostic tool in two centers, and a control group of singleton low\u2010risk pregnancies without fetal structural abnormalities, with normal fetal growth and with healthy newborns. CMV infection was confirmed by extraction of CMV\u2010DNA from fetal and neonatal samples. Only fetuses with mild (mildly affected) or no (unaffected) neuroimaging abnormalities on US and MRI were included. MRI measurements of fetal parieto\u2010occipital sulcus, cingulate sulcus and calcarine sulcus depth, Sylvian fissure depth and Sylvian fissure angles were performed and cortical development grading of specific cortical areas and sulci were assessed by one operator who was blinded to CMV infection status. Data were compared between controls and fetuses with CMV infection, using linear regression and non\u2010parametric trend analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four CMV\u2010infected fetuses (seven unaffected and 17 mildly affected) and 24 healthy controls that underwent fetal MRI between 27 and 36\u2009weeks' gestation were included. Compared with controls, CMV\u2010infected fetuses showed significantly larger median lateral ventricular width (right side, 7.8 (interquartile range (IQR), 5.9\u20139.9)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 3.9 (IQR, 2.6\u20135.3)\u2009mm; left side, 7.5 (IQR, 6.0\u201310.9)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 4.2 (IQR, 3.2\u20135.3)\u2009mm), significantly decreased parieto\u2010occipital sulcus depth (right side, 12.6 (IQR, 11.3\u201313.5)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 15.9 (IQR, 13.5\u201317.3)\u2009mm; left side, 12.3 (IQR, 10.6\u201313.5)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 16.0 (IQR, 13.3\u201317.5)\u2009mm) and calcarine sulcus depth (right side, 15.4 (IQR, 14.4\u201316.3)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 17.5 (IQR, 16.1\u201318.7)\u2009mm; left side, 14.6 (IQR, 14.1\u201315.6)\u2009mm <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 16.7 (IQR, 15.6\u201318.9)\u2009mm) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 for all). Compared with controls, CMV\u2010infected fetuses also had significantly smaller upper (right side, 42.8\u00b0 (IQR, 35.8\u201345.8\u00b0) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 48.9\u00b0 (IQR, 38.4\u201364.7\u00b0); left side, 40.9\u00b0 (IQR, 34.2\u201345.8\u00b0) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 48.2\u00b0 (IQR, 41.9\u201360.7\u00b0)) and lower (right side, 41.6\u00b0 (IQR, 34.4\u201349.2\u00b0) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 48.9\u00b0 (IQR, 40.6\u201360.9\u00b0); left side, 42.2\u00b0 (IQR, 38.8\u201346.9\u00b0) <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 48.9\u00b0 (IQR, 39.5\u201357.5\u00b0)) Sylvian fissure angles (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all). In addition, the mildly affected CMV\u2010infected fetuses had a significantly lower cortical development grading in the temporal and parietal areas, and the parieto\u2010occipital and calcarine sulci compared with healthy fetuses (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). These differences persisted when adjusting for gestational age, ipsilateral atrium width, fetal gender and when considering small\u2010for\u2010gestational age as a confounding factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unaffected and mildly affected CMV\u2010infected fetuses showed delayed cortical maturation compared with healthy controls. These results suggest that congenital CMV infection, even in non\u2010severely affected fetuses that are typically considered of good prognosis, could be associated with altered brain cortical structure. Further research is warranted to better elucidate the correlation of these findings with neurodevelopmental outcomes. \u00a9 2022 The Authors. <jats:italic>Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<\/jats:italic> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.26110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T10:33:35Z","timestamp":1667990015000},"page":"566-576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Brain cortical maturation assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in unaffected or mildly affected fetuses with cytomegalovirus infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9823-4846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Hawkins\u2010Villarreal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Fetal Medicine Service, Obstetrics Department, Hospital \u2018Santo Tom\u00e1s\u2019 University of Panama  Panama City Panama"},{"name":"Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. L.","family":"Moreno\u2010Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Fetal Medicine Service, Obstetrics Department, Hospital \u2018Santo Tom\u00e1s\u2019 University of Panama  Panama City Panama"},{"name":"Iberoamerican Research Network in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Translational Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7160-8839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1517-7127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Hahner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8421-9971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O.","family":"Picone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, H\u00f4pital Louis\u2010Mourier, AP\u2010HP F\u00e9deration Hospitalo\u2010Universitaire PREMA, Colombes  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Inserm IAME UMR1137  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Mandelbrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, H\u00f4pital Louis\u2010Mourier, AP\u2010HP F\u00e9deration Hospitalo\u2010Universitaire PREMA, Colombes  Paris France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Inserm IAME UMR1137  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology H\u00f4pital Louis\u2010Mourier, AP\u2010HP  Colombes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Gratac\u00f3s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gonc\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7379-9608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E.","family":"Eixarch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCNatal\u2010Fetal Medicine Research Center, Hospital Cl\u00ednic and Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u University of Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Institut d'Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER)  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.535"},{"issue":"380","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Ultrasound prediction of symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"198","author":"Guerra B","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31868-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6129"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.771557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13061078"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.544"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2005.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30143-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15935"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5591"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-005-2782-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.262055059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20172"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"184","article-title":"Fetal cerebral cortex: normal gestational landmarks identified using prenatal MR imaging","volume":"22","author":"Garel C","year":"2001","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.210.3.r99mr47751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410010109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2009.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00023-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.11.020"},{"issue":"342","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Feasibility of predicting the outcome of fetal infection with cytomegalovirus at the time of prenatal diagnosis","volume":"215","author":"Leruez\u2010Ville M","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2019.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"1567","article-title":"Global and regional changes in cortical development assessed by MRI in fetuses with isolated nonsevere ventriculomegaly correlate with neonatal neurobehavior","volume":"40","author":"Hahner N","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5240"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.22145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23616"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.323115120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1342-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7705"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2010.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5802"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5222"},{"issue":"126","key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Differences in cortical development assessed by fetal MRI in late\u2010onset intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"209","author":"Ega\u00f1a\u2010Ugrinovic G","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23592"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24853"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5398"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","first-page":"1303","article-title":"MR of the cerebral operculum: abnormal opercular formation in infants and children","volume":"17","author":"Chen CY","year":"1996","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0099-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858406296401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12377"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.05.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-4520.2009.00222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073813486296"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2016.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.695"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.26110","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.26110","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T20:03:02Z","timestamp":1692475382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.26110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.26110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.26110","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}