{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:48:18Z","timestamp":1784544498224,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To quantify the dynamic changes in the afferent venous flow volume of the liver in low\u2010risk pregnancies with fetuses born small\u2010for\u2010gestational age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This was a prospective study of low\u2010risk singleton pregnancies with estimated fetal weight (EFW) and birth weight \u2264\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009centile attending for a routine second\u2010 or third\u2010trimester ultrasound examination. Their umbilical and portal blood\u2010flow volumes were compared with those of a control group of fetuses born appropriate\u2010for\u2010gestational age from which normal reference ranges were constructed. Absolute and\n                      <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010score differences between the groups were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 133 fetuses were included in the study group and 362 in the control group. The mean umbilical blood\u2010flow volume in the study group, both absolute and normalized per kg of EFW, was below that of the appropriate\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age fetuses for most of the period of pregnancy studied (overall mean Z\u2010score, \u20130.82 and \u20130.84, respectively). In contrast, the mean portal blood\u2010flow volume, per kg of EFW, showed the opposite trend (overall mean Z\u2010score, +0.86), reaching its maximum level (+1.43) in the late third trimester. This resulted in a steep decrease in the mean placental\u2010to\u2010portal\u2010blood\u2010flow volume ratio, from 14.4 at 24\u2009weeks of gestation (above the 60\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      centile) to 4.7 at 38\u2009weeks of gestation (15\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      centile), corresponding to Z\u2010scores of +0.4 and \u20131.02, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In fetuses born small\u2010for\u2010gestational age, the ratio of blood\u2010flow volume in the umbilical vein to that in the portal vein decreases consistently during pregnancy, and to a greater extent compared with those born appropriate\u2010for\u2010gestational age, reaching a lower nadir in the third trimester. This additional redistribution of liver perfusion affects negatively fetal growth even in low\u2010risk pregnancy, and should be taken into account when planning delivery. We suggest considering liver venous perfusion as an ancillary tool for monitoring small\u2010for\u2010gestational\u2010age pregnancies. \u00a9 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.26237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T01:43:34Z","timestamp":1682991814000},"page":"813-820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Afferent venous perfusion of fetal liver: umbilical and portal blood\u2010flow volumes in fetuses born small\u2010for\u2010gestational age"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3265-408X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z.","family":"Kivilevitch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maccabi Health Services Ultrasound Unit, The Negev Medical Center  Beer Sheva 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