{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:16:01Z","timestamp":1791476161194,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV\u2010059873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV\u2010059873"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the relationship of ophthalmic artery (OA) Doppler indices with uterine artery (UtA) Doppler indices, selected maternal hemodynamic parameters and gestational age, and to evaluate the intraobserver reproducibility of OA Doppler indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective cohort study of women recruited between 11\u2009+\u20090 and 23\u2009+\u20096\u2009weeks' gestation using a stratified and random sampling approach to ensure adequate distribution across the gestational\u2010age range. OA pulsatility index (PI), first peak systolic velocity (PSV1), second peak systolic velocity (PSV2) and peak systolic velocity ratio (PSV ratio), calculated as PSV2\/PSV1, were measured twice in each eye by the same observer. UtA\u2010PI was also measured twice on each side by the same observer. Maternal hemodynamic assessment was undertaken using an ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM 1A). Pearson's and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were used to assess the correlations between variables, and Bland\u2013Altman plots were used to evaluate the intraobserver reproducibility of OA Doppler indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 194 women invited to participate in the study, 169 were eligible for inclusion, of whom 16 were excluded following an obstetric ultrasound scan and a further three owing to inadequate or incomplete OA or UtA Doppler assessment, leaving 150 women in the final analysis. Log\u2009UtA\u2010PI had a weak correlation with both OA\u2010PI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.19 (95%\u2009CI, \u20130.34 to \u20130.03),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021) and OA\u2010PSV ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.31 (95%\u2009CI, 0.15\u20130.45),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The correlation between gestational age and OA\u2010PI was non\u2010significant (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.14 (95%\u2009CI, \u20130.03 to 0.29),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.097), and that between gestational age and OA\u2010PSV ratio was weak (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.23 (95%\u2009CI, \u20130.38 to \u20130.07),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), as opposed to the strong correlation between gestational age and UtA\u2010PI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u20130.68 (95%\u2009CI, \u20130.76 to \u20130.58),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No strong correlations were observed between OA\u2010PI or OA\u2010PSV ratio and maternal hemodynamic indices. The correlations were unaltered by adjustment for maternal age and body mass index. The intraobserver reproducibility of OA\u2010PI and OA\u2010PSV ratio in the same eye was high. The correlation between the right and left eyes was moderate for OA\u2010PI (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.63 (95%\u2009CI, 0.53\u20130.72),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and strong for OA\u2010PSV ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.81 (95%\u2009CI, 0.75\u20130.86),\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OA\u2010PI and OA\u2010PSV ratio had a weak or no correlation with UtA\u2010PI and maternal hemodynamic parameters, meaning that they can be used as independent predictors for pre\u2010eclampsia. Gestational age had no clinically relevant effect on OA\u2010PI and OA\u2010PSV ratio, suggesting that these indices could be measured without adjustment at any time between 11 and 23\u2009weeks' gestation. OA Doppler indices had high intraobserver reproducibility and were strongly correlated between the right and left eyes. \u00a9 2025 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T10:28:47Z","timestamp":1737368927000},"page":"163-172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Relationship of maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler with uterine artery Doppler, hemodynamic indices and gestational age: prospective\n                    <scp>MATERA<\/scp>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5459-2804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"},{"name":"Julius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9667-0636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. C.","family":"Mukasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6868-6108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Lukakamwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kawempe National Referral Hospital  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1106-5385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Nakayenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8515-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Namagero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5447-8777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Biira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3438-9662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Byamugisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Makerere University Hospital, Makerere University  Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8143-2232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. T.","family":"Papageorghiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health University of Oxford  Oxford UK"},{"name":"Oxford Maternal and Perinatal Health Institute, Green Templeton College University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12802"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Prediction of preeclampsia and its prevention with aspirin","author":"Rolnik DL","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preghy.2018.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12259"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-0069"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-023-05656-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24874"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23517"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17061"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.24914"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13338"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"723","article-title":"Maternal ophthalmic artery Doppler velocimetry in pre\u2010eclampsia in Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"7","author":"Olatunji RB","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2009.28.5.563"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","article-title":"A correlational study of ophthalmic artery doppler parameters and maternal blood pressure in normotensive and pre\u2010eclamptic pregnancies at a tertiary care hospital","volume":"15","author":"Kumari N","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2022","author":"Uganda Bureau of Statistics","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17123"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11137"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.12.2.78.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19197"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.2000.00135.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0960-7692.2001.00578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.5315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.23601"}],"container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.29162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T21:32:50Z","timestamp":1757107970000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/uog.29162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/uog.29162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.29162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-7692","1469-0705"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-7692","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-0705","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}