{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T12:58:22Z","timestamp":1789390702517,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ultrasound in Obstet &amp;amp; Gyne"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the ongoing parvovirus B19 (B19V) outbreak among pregnant women in Germany and its connection to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed anonymous data regarding serologically confirmed B19V infections during pregnancy between January 2014 and April 2024 across 13 major fetal medicine centers in Germany. We evaluated the yearly frequency of B19V cases, cases that underwent intrauterine transfusion (IUT), cases presenting with hydrops fetalis and cases of intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) related to B19V infection, and stratified these variables by event occurrence &lt;\u200920\u2009weeks' gestation or \u2265\u200920\u2009weeks' gestation. Variables were compared across three subperiods: pre COVID\u201019 pandemic, during the COVID\u201019 pandemic and post COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 918 pregnant women with confirmed B19V infection revealed a significant B19V outbreak since the end of 2023. The mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD number of annual cases was 57.3\u2009\u00b1\u200920<jats:italic>.7<\/jats:italic> pre COVID\u201019, 20<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>3\u2009\u00b1\u200913<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>5 during COVID\u201019 and surged to 384.8\u2009\u00b1\u2009299<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>8 post COVID\u201019 <jats:italic>(P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>01). Correspondingly, the number of cases in which the fetus underwent IUT increased post COVID\u201019. The proportion of B19V diagnoses made before 20\u2009weeks' gestation increased from 32.3% pre COVID\u201019 to 53.2% post COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results demonstrate an unforeseen increase in B19V infections during pregnancy after the COVID\u201019 pandemic, with a consequent rise in B19V cases with fetal anemia. The introduced policies during the COVID\u201019 pandemic reduced the B19V infection rate but likely conditioned the present ongoing upsurge. Counseling, early detection and access to specialized centers performing IUT are essential measures required to address this outbreak. \u00a9 2025 The Author(s). <jats:italic>Ultrasound in Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology<\/jats:italic> published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T21:19:24Z","timestamp":1741727964000},"page":"456-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Ongoing outbreak of maternal parvovirus B19 infections in Germany since end of 2023: consequence of COVID\u201019 pandemic?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1892-790X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Jim\u00e9nez Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Axt\u2010Fliedner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010Universit\u00e4t Gie\u00dfen  Gie\u00dfen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Prenatal Medicine and Gynecologic Sonography, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Faschingbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen\u2010Nuremberg  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. O.","family":"Kagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics University of Tuebingen  Tuebingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Knabl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine Hallerwiese Clinic  Nuremberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Lauten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erfurt Prenatal Diagnostic Centre  Erfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Vivantes Clinic Neukoeln  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Stepan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics University Hospital of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Tavares de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Prenatal Medicine Hamburg  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Verlohren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U.","family":"Germer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prenatal Medicine St Josef Hospital  Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Weichert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Prenatal Medicine University Hospital of Schleswig\u2010Holstein  L\u00fcbeck Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3625-7097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Strizek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Geipel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine University Hospital of Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amolm.2023.100007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04647-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06279-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.19092"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000530993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-022-06712-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59582-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030469"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16050808"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-023-02085-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.24.2400299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2023.105576"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.21.2400253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v16030480"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","article-title":"An unusual outbreak of parvovirus B19 infections, France, 2023 to 2024","volume":"29","author":"d'Humi\u00e8res C","year":"2024","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","volume-title":"Risks posed by reported increased circulation of human parvovirus B19 in the EU\/EEA","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","unstructured":"European Commission.EUSurvey\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Welcome. 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